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Samenvatting Personenverzekeringen 1
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Samenvatting adhv het boek 'levensverzekeringen' en notities uit de les.
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PersonenverzekeringenInhoudsopgave
1 INLEIDING.......................................................................................................................................9
2 HET WETTELIJKE PENSIOEN VAN DE LOONTREKKENDE...................................................................9
2.1 PENSIOENLEEFTIJD..........................................................................................................................9
2.1.1 NORMALE PENSIOENLEEFTIJD................................................................................................................9
2.1.2 VERVROEGD PENSIOEN........................................................................................................................9
2.2 BEREKENING VAN HET RUSTPENSIOEN.................................................................................................9
2.2.1 BEREKENINGSBASIS.............................................................................................................................9
2.2.2 LOOPBAAN......................................................................................................................................10
2.2.3 LOON.............................................................................................................................................10
2.2.4 GEWAARBORGD MINIMUMPENSIOEN...................................................................................................10
2.2.5 MAXIMUMPENSIOEN.........................................................................................................................10
3 HET WETTELIJKE PENSIOEN VAN DE AMBTENAAR........................................................................10
3.1 WIE KOMT IN AANMERKING VOOR HET AMBTENARENPENSIOEN..............................................................10
3.2 PENSIOENLEEFTIJD........................................................................................................................10
3.2.1 NORMALE LEEFTIJD...........................................................................................................................10
3.2.2 VERVROEGD PENSIOEN......................................................................................................................11
3.3 BEREKENING VAN HET RUSTPENSIOEN...............................................................................................11
3.3.1 BASISBEREKENING.............................................................................................................................11
3.3.2 MINIMUMPENSIOEN.........................................................................................................................11
3.3.3 MAXIMUMPENSIOEN.........................................................................................................................11
4 HET WETTELIJK PENSIOEN VAN DE ZELFSTANDIGE........................................................................11
4.1 PENSIOENLEEFTIJD........................................................................................................................11
4.2 BEREKENING VAN HET PENSIOEN......................................................................................................11
4.2.1 PENSIOENLOOPBAAN.........................................................................................................................11
4.2.2 BEDRAGEN......................................................................................................................................11
1 DE PENSIOENPROBLEMATIEK.......................................................................................................11
1.1 LEVENSVERWACHTING...................................................................................................................11
2 PENSIOENKLOOF...........................................................................................................................12
3 SPAREN VOOR EEN AANVULLEND PENSIOEN................................................................................12
3.1 TWEEDE PIJLER............................................................................................................................12
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,3.2 DERDE PIJLER..............................................................................................................................12
3.3 VIERDE PIJLER..............................................................................................................................12
4 DE VERZEKERAARS LEVEN.............................................................................................................12
5 AANDEEL VAN DE BANKEN IN DE LEVENSVERZEKERINGEN...........................................................12
6 RESULTATEN LEVENSVERZEKERINGEN..........................................................................................12
1 HET VERZEKERINGSVOORSTEL EN HET VERZEKERINGSCONTRACT................................................13
1.1 BEGRIPPEN.................................................................................................................................13
1.1.1 VERZEKERING...................................................................................................................................13
1.1.2 PERSOONSVERZEKERINGEN.................................................................................................................13
1.1.3 LEVENSVERZEKERINGEN.....................................................................................................................13
1.1.4 PARTIJEN........................................................................................................................................13
1.1.4.1 De verzekeraar..........................................................................................................................13
1.1.4.2 De verzekeringsnemer..............................................................................................................13
1.1.5 BETROKKEN PARTIJEN........................................................................................................................13
1.1.5.1 De verzekerde...........................................................................................................................13
1.1.5.2 De begunstigde.........................................................................................................................13
1.2 GELDIGHEIDSVOORWAARDEN..........................................................................................................13
1.2.1 TOESTEMMING................................................................................................................................13
1.2.2 BEKWAAMHEID................................................................................................................................14
1.2.3 VOORWERP.....................................................................................................................................14
1.2.4 OORZAAK........................................................................................................................................14
1.3 ESSENTIËLE BESTANDDELEN VAN EEN VERZEKERINGSOVEREENKOMST........................................................14
1.3.1 PRESTATIE.......................................................................................................................................14
1.3.2 BELANG..........................................................................................................................................14
1.3.3 PREMIE..........................................................................................................................................14
1.3.4 ONZEKERE GEBEURTENIS....................................................................................................................15
1.4 TOT STAND KOMEN VAN DE LEVENSVERZEKERING.................................................................................15
1.4.1 HET VERZEKERINGSVOORSTEL..............................................................................................................15
1.4.1.1 Juridische draagwijdte..............................................................................................................15
1.4.1.2 Verplichte vermeldingen..........................................................................................................15
1.4.1.3 Vervanging en overname van een overeenkomst....................................................................16
1.4.2 VERZEKERINGSAANVRAAG EN VOORAFGETEKENDE POLIS...........................................................................16
1.4.3 MEDEDELINGSPLICHT........................................................................................................................16
1.4.3.1 Art. 58 en 81 Vwet....................................................................................................................16
1.4.3.2 Medische formaliteiten............................................................................................................18
1.4.4 INFORMATIEVERPLICHTINGEN VAN DE VERZEKERAAR................................................................................18
1.4.4.1 Précontractuele informatieverplichting....................................................................................18
1.4.4.2 In de publiciteit.........................................................................................................................18
1.5 SPECIFIEKE BEPALINGEN IN DE VERZEKERINGSWET AANGAANDE LEVENSVERZEKERINGEN................................20
1.5.1 NAAMGEBONDENHEID VAN DE POLIS....................................................................................................20
1.5.2 VERZEKERING VAN ZEER JONGE KINDEREN.............................................................................................20
1.5.3 SAMENLOOP EN NIET-INDEPLAATSSTELLING...........................................................................................20
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,1.5.4 ONBETWISTBAARHEID.......................................................................................................................20
1.5.4.1 Art. 162 Vwet............................................................................................................................20
1.5.4.2 Regeling voor de onbetwistbaarheid uitwerking heeft.............................................................20
1.5.5 DWALING OMTRENT DE LEEFTIJD VAN DE VERZEKERDE.............................................................................21
1.5.6 HET RECHT OM VERGETEN TE WORDEN.................................................................................................21
1.5.6.1 Toepassingsgebied....................................................................................................................21
1.5.6.2 Welke ziektes worden vergeten...............................................................................................21
1.5.6.3 Mogelijkheid tot uitbreiding.....................................................................................................21
1.5.6.4 Geschillenregeling....................................................................................................................21
1.6 UITSLUITINGEN............................................................................................................................21
1.6.1 WETTELIJKE UITSLUITINGEN................................................................................................................21
1.6.1.1 Zelfmoord.................................................................................................................................21
1.6.1.2 Euthanasie................................................................................................................................22
1.6.1.3 Doodstraf..................................................................................................................................22
1.6.1.4 Deelname aan wanbedrijf of misdaad......................................................................................22
1.6.1.5 Bedrog......................................................................................................................................22
1.6.1.6 Oorlog.......................................................................................................................................22
1.6.1.7 Terrorisme................................................................................................................................23
1.6.2 CONTRACTUELE UITSLUITINGEN...........................................................................................................23
1.6.3 GEVOLG VAN HET ZICH VOORDOEN VAN EEN UITGESLOTEN RISICO..............................................................23
1.7 ACCEPTATIE................................................................................................................................23
2 BEGUNSTIGING.............................................................................................................................23
2.1 AANDUIDING VAN DE BEGUNSTIGDE.................................................................................................23
2.1.1 RECHT VAN DE VERZEKERINGNEMER.....................................................................................................23
2.1.2 GEEN BEGUNSTIGDE AANGEDUID.........................................................................................................24
2.1.3 GESCHRIFT......................................................................................................................................24
2.1.4 BEGUNSTIGING OM NIET OF ONDER BEZWARENDE TITEL...........................................................................24
2.1.5 MEERDERE BEGUNSTIGDEN................................................................................................................24
2.1.6 NOMINATIEVE VERSUS GENERIEKE AANDUIDING......................................................................................24
2.2 AANVAARDING VAN DE BEGUNSTIGING..............................................................................................24
2.3 HERROEPING VAN DE BEGUNSTIGING................................................................................................24
2.3.1 HOE?.............................................................................................................................................24
2.3.2 HERROEPING INDIEN DE BEGUNSTIGDE HEEFT AANVAARD.........................................................................25
2.4 ECHTGENOOT ALS BEGUNSTIGDE......................................................................................................25
2.4.1 NOMINATIEF VERSUS GENERIEK...........................................................................................................25
2.5 WETTELIJKE SAMENWONENDEN.......................................................................................................25
2.6 KINDEREN ALS BEGUNSTIGDE...........................................................................................................25
2.6.1 GENERIEKE AANDUIDING....................................................................................................................25
2.6.2 NOMINATIEVE AANDUIDING................................................................................................................25
2.6.2.1 Principe.....................................................................................................................................25
2.6.2.2 Nominatieve aanduiding met plaatsvervulling.........................................................................26
2.7 ECHTGENOOT EN KINDEREN ALS BEGUNSTIGDEN..................................................................................26
2.8 NALATENSCHAP/WETTELIJK ERFGENAMEN..........................................................................................26
2.8.1 PRINCIPE........................................................................................................................................26
2.8.2 CLAUSULE WETTIGE ERFGENAMEN.......................................................................................................26
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, 2.8.3 CLAUSULE NALATENSCHAP..................................................................................................................26
2.8.4 TOEPASSING....................................................................................................................................26
2.8.5 WETTELIJK SAMENWONEN.................................................................................................................26
2.8.6 SCHEMATISCH..................................................................................................................................27
2.8.7 TOEPASSINGEN................................................................................................................................27
2.9 LEVENSVERZEKERING EN RESERVE.....................................................................................................27
2.9.1 WERKING VAN HET RESERVATAIR ERFRECHT...........................................................................................27
2.9.1.1 Wet 31 juli 2017........................................................................................................................27
2.9.1.2 Begrip reserve...........................................................................................................................27
2.9.1.3 Reserve van kinderen...............................................................................................................27
2.9.1.4 Reserve van de echtgenoot en wettelijk samenwonende partner...........................................28
2.9.2 INBRENG EN INKORTING.....................................................................................................................28
2.9.2.1 Inbreng en inkorting in het burgerlijk recht..............................................................................28
2.9.2.2 Inbreng en inkorting van levensverzekeringen.........................................................................28
1 KLASSIEKE LEVENSVERZEKERINGEN..............................................................................................28
1.1 INLEIDING...................................................................................................................................28
1.2 STERFTETAFELS............................................................................................................................29
1.2.1 BEGRIP...........................................................................................................................................29
1.2.2 SOORTEN STERFTETAFELS...................................................................................................................29
1.2.2.1 Wettelijke tafels........................................................................................................................29
1.2.2.2 Ervaringstafel............................................................................................................................29
1.2.2.3 Uniseks sterftetafel...................................................................................................................29
1.3 TECHNISCHE RENTEVOET................................................................................................................29
1.4 KOSTEN......................................................................................................................................29
1.4.1 SAMENSTELLING PREMIE....................................................................................................................29
1.4.2 INVENTARISTOESLAG.........................................................................................................................30
1.4.3 ACQUISITIETOESLAG..........................................................................................................................30
1.4.4 INNINGSTOESLAG..............................................................................................................................30
1.4.5 FORFAIT, KWITANTIE, FRACTIONERINGSKOST..........................................................................................30
1.5 RISICOPREMIE VERSUS CONSTANTE PREMIE.........................................................................................30
1.6 KOOPSOMPREMIE VERSUS JAARPREMIES............................................................................................31
2 UNIVERSAL LIFE VERZEKERINGEN.................................................................................................31
2.1 DEFINITIE...................................................................................................................................31
2.2 TECHNIEK...................................................................................................................................31
2.3 STERFTETAFEL..............................................................................................................................31
2.3.1 VERZEKERING ZONDER AANVULLEND KAPITAAL VOERLIJDEN.......................................................................31
2.3.2 AANVULLEN KAPITAAL OVERLIJDEN.......................................................................................................31
2.3.2.1 Aanvullend kapitaal onafhankelijk van de reserve....................................................................31
2.3.2.2 Aanvullend kapitaal afhankelijk van de reserve........................................................................31
2.4 KOSTEN......................................................................................................................................31
2.4.1 INSTAPKOSTEN.................................................................................................................................31
2.4.2 BEHEERSKOSTEN...............................................................................................................................31
2.4.3 UITSTAPKOSTEN...............................................................................................................................31
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