1. Questions
1. 1.ID: 9477077870
A nurse performing a physical assessment of a client gathers both subjective and objective data.
Which finding would the nurse document as subjective data?
A. The client appears anxious.
B. Blood pressure is 170/80 mm Hg.
C. The client states that he has a rash. Correct
D. The client has diminished reflexes in the legs.
Rationale: The purpose of a physical assessment is to collect both subjective and objective data.
Subjective data, collected during the health history, consist of information that the client gives about
himself or herself. Objective data are obtained through physical examination and vital signs
measurements, what the nurse observes, and laboratory study and diagnostic test results.
TestTaking Strategy: Eliminate the options that are comparable or alike and include data that the
nurse would obtain during the physical examination. Review: the difference between subjective and
objective data .
Reference: Jarvis, C. (2008). Physical examination and health assessment (5th ed., pp. 2, 55). St.
Louis: Saunders.
Cognitive Ability: Applying
Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance
Integrated Process: Communication and Documentation
Content Area: Health Assessment/Physical Exam
Priority Concepts: Clinical Judgment, Evidence
HESI Concepts: Clinical DecisionMaking/Clinical Judgment, EvidenceBased Practice/Evidence
Awarded 1.0 points out of 1.0 possible points.
2. 2.ID: 9477073956
A nurse is reviewing the findings of a physical examination that have been documented in a client's
record. Which piece of information does the nurse recognize as objective data?
A. The client is allergic to strawberries.
, B. The last menstrual period was 30 days ago.
C. The client takes acetaminophen (Tylenol) for headaches.
D. A 1 × 2inch scar is present on the lower right portion of the
abdomen. Correct
Rationale: Subjective data, collected during the health history, consist of information that the client
gives about himself or herself. Objective data are obtained through physical examination and vital
signs measurements, what the nurse observes, and laboratory study and diagnostic test results.
Allergies, the date of the client’s last menstrual period, and the reported use of medication for
headaches are all subjective data.
TestTaking Strategy: Eliminate the options that are comparable or alike and include data that the
nurse would obtain from the client during the health history. Review: the difference between
subjective and objective data .
Reference: Jarvis, C. (2008). Physical examination and health assessment (5th ed., pp. 2, 55). St.
Louis: Saunders.
Cognitive Ability: Understanding
Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance
Integrated Process: Nursing Process/Assessment
Content Area: Health Assessment/Physical Exam
Priority Concepts: Clinical Judgment, Evidence
HESI Concepts: Clinical DecisionMaking/Clinical Judgment, EvidenceBased Practice/Evidence
Awarded 1.0 points out of 1.0 possible points.
3. 3.ID: 9477071188
A nurse is making an initial home visit to a client with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease who
was recently discharged from the hospital. Which type of database does the nurse use to obtain
information from the client?
A. Episodic
B. Followup
C. Emergency
D. Complete Correct
Rationale: A complete database includes a complete health history and a full physical examination. It
describes the client’s current and past state of health and forms a baseline against which all future
changes can be measured. The complete database is collected in a primary care setting such as a
pediatric or family practice clinic, an independent or group private practice, a college health service,
a women’s healthcare agency, a visiting nurse agency, or a community health agency. An episodic
database is compiled for a limited or shortterm problem and is focused mainly on one problem or
one body system. A followup database is used to evaluate an identified problem at regular and
, appropriate intervals. An emergency database involves the rapid collection of the data that are often
compiled as lifesaving measures are being performed.
TestTaking Strategy: Noting the words “initial home visit” in the question will direct you to the correct
option. Review: the different types of databases .
Reference: Jarvis, C. (2008). Physical examination and health assessment (5th ed., p.8). St. Louis:
Saunders.
Cognitive Ability: Applying
Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance
Integrated Process: Nursing Process/Assessment
Content Area: Health Assessment/Physical Exam
Priority Concepts: Evidence, Technology and Informatics
HESI Concepts: EvidenceBased Practice/Evidence, Informatics/Technology
Awarded 1.0 points out of 1.0 possible points.
4. 4.ID: 9477071128
A nurse is examining a 25yearold client who was seen in the clinic 2 weeks ago for symptoms of a
cold and is now complaining of chest congestion and cough. The nurse should proceed with the
examination by collecting which?
A. Data related to followup care
B. A complete (total health) database
C. Data related to the respiratory system Correct
D. Data related to the treatment for the cold
Rationale: An episodic database is compiled for a limited or shortterm problem and is focused
mainly on one problem or body system. The history and examination will be focused primarily on the
respiratory system in this client. A complete database includes a complete health history and a full
physical examination. It describes the client’s current and past state of health and forms a baseline
against which all future changes can be measured. A followup database is used to evaluate an
identified problem at regular and appropriate intervals.
TestTaking Strategy: Focusing on the data in the question and noting the words “now complaining
of chest congestion and cough” will direct you to the correct option. Review: the different types of
databases .
Reference: Jarvis, C. (2008). Physical examination and health assessment (5th ed., p. 8). St. Louis:
Saunders.
Cognitive Ability: Applying
Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance
Integrated Process: Nursing Process/Assessment
Content Area: Health Assessment/Physical Exam
Priority Concepts: Evidence, Gas Exchange
HESI Concepts: EvidenceBased Practice/Evidence, Oxygenation/Gas Exchange
Awarded 1.0 points out of 1.0 possible points.
, 5. 5.ID: 9477071111
A client is brought to the emergency department after a motor vehicle accident. The client is alert
and cooperative but has sustained multiple fractures of the legs. How should the nurse proceed with
data collection?
A. Collect health history information first, then perform the physical
examination
B. Ask health history questions while performing the examination and
initiating emergency measures Correct
C. Collect all information requested on the history form, including social
support, strengths, and coping patterns
D. Perform emergency measures and not ask any health history questions
until the client's fractures have been treated in the operating room
Rationale: If the client is alert and cooperative and if the situation is not lifethreatening, the nurse
should attempt to obtain as much subjective and objective data as possible while caring for the
client. Collecting health history information and then performing the physical examination does not
address the priority, which is treating the client. Collecting all data requested on the history does not
specifically address the client’s immediate problems. Performing emergency measures and not
asking any health history questions does not address data collection before treatment.
TestTaking Strategy: Focus on the data in the question and note the words “alert and cooperative.”
Noting that the client has not sustained lifethreatening injuries will direct you to the correct option.
Review: the different types of databases .
Reference: Jarvis, C. (2008). Physical examination and health assessment (5th ed., p. 8). St. Louis:
Saunders.
Cognitive Ability: Applying
Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance
Integrated Process: Nursing Process/Assessment
Content Area: Health Assessment/Physical Exam
Priority Concepts: Evidence, Health Care Quality
HESI Concepts: EvidenceBased Practice/Evidence, Health Policy/Systems—Health Care Quality
Awarded 1.0 points out of 1.0 possible points.
6. 6.ID: 9477073919
A client who was given a diagnosis of hypertension 3 months ago is at the clinic for a checkup.
Which type of database does the nurse use in performing an assessment?
A. Emergency
B. Followup Correct
C. Complete (total)
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