NR 509 WEEK 5 QUIZmary
Grade Details - All Questions
Question 1. Question : The primary muscles of respiration include the
Student
Answer: diaphragm and intercostals.
sternomastoids and scaleni.
trapezius and rectus abdominis.
external obliques and pectoralis major.
Instructor The major muscle of respiration is the diaphragm. The intercostal muscles lift the
Explanation: sternum and elevate the ribs during inspiration, increasing the anteroposterior
diameter. Expiration is primarily passive. Forced inspiration involves the use of
other muscles, such as the accessory neck muscles (sternomastoids, scalene,
trapezii). Forced expiration involves the abdominal muscles.
Question 2. Question : The nurse is listening to the breath sounds of a patient with severe
asthma. Air passing through narrowed bronchioles would produce
which of these adventitious sounds?
Student
Answer: Wheezes
Bronchial sounds
Bronchophony
Whispered pectoriloquy
Instructor Wheezes are caused by air squeezed or compressed through passageways
Explanation: narrowed almost to closure by collapsing, swelling, secretions, or tumors, such as
with acute asthma or chronic emphysema.
Question 3. Question : A patient has been admitted to the emergency department with a
possible medical diagnosis of pulmonary embolism. The nurse
expects to see which assessment findings related to this condition?
Student Answer:
Absent or decreased breath sounds
Productive cough with thin, frothy sputum
Chest pain that is worse on deep inspiration, dyspnea
Diffuse infiltrates with areas of dullness upon percussion
Instructor Findings for pulmonary embolism include chest pain that is worse on deep
, Explanation: inspiration, dyspnea, apprehension, anxiety, restlessness, PaO2 less than 80,
diaphoresis, hypotension, crackles, and wheezes.
Question 4. Question : When performing a respiratory assessment on a patient, the nurse
notices a costal angle of approximately 90 degrees. This
characteristic is
Student
Answer: seen in patients with kyphosis.
indicative of pectus excavatum.
a normal finding in a healthy adult.
an expected finding in a patient with a barrel chest.
Instructor The right and left costal margins form an angle where they meet at the xiphoid
Explanation: process. Usually, this angle is 90 degrees or less. The angle increases when the
rib cage is chronically overinflated, as in emphysema.
Question 5. Question : An adult patient with a history of allergies comes to the clinic
complaining of wheezing and difficulty in breathing when working in
his yard. The assessment findings include tachypnea, use of
accessory neck muscles, prolonged expiration, intercostal retractions,
decreased breath sounds, and expiratory wheezes. The nurse
interprets that these assessment findings are consistent with
Student
Answer: asthma.
atelectasis.
lobar pneumonia.
heart failure.
Instructor Asthma is allergic hypersensitivity to certain inhaled particles that produces
Explanation: inflammation and a reaction of bronchospasm, which increases airway resistance,
especially during expiration. Increased respiratory rate, use of accessory muscles,
retraction of intercostal muscles, prolonged expiration, decreased breath sounds,
and expiratory wheezing are all characteristics of asthma. See Table 18-8 for
descriptions of the other conditions.
Question 6. Question : The nurse is reviewing the technique of palpating for tactile fremitus
with a new graduate. Which statement by the graduate nurse reflects
a correct understanding of tactile fremitus? “Tactile fremitus
Student
Answer: is caused by moisture in the alveoli.”
indicates that there is air in the subcutaneous tissues.”
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