HESI RN Pharmacology Final Exam

HESI RN Pharmacology Final Exam front 1 A nurse is caring for a client who is taking atenolol. Which of the following findings should indicate to the nurse that the medication is effective? A. The client has an increase in urinary output. B. The client reports an improvement in memory. C. The client has a decrease in blood pressure. D. The client reports having an increase in libido. back 1 The client has a decrease in blood pressure. Atenolol, a beta-adrenergic blocking agent, has no direct effect on kidney function. front 2 A nurse is caring for a client who has pneumonia. The client tells the nurse she is pregnant and that she has not told her provider yet. The nurse should identify that pregnancy is a contraindication to receiving which of the following medications? A. Acetaminophen B. Ipratropium C. Benzonatate D. Doxycycline back 2 Doxycycline Doxycycline is a tetracycline antibiotic and is contraindicated for a client who is pregnant because the medication is a category D medication of the FDA pregnancy risk categories, which indicates the medication has fetal risks that can cause fetal damage. The client should only take doxycycline for a life-threatening condition. front 3 A nurse is preparing to administer amoxicillin 250 mg PO to a school-age child. The amount available is amoxicillin oral suspension 200 mg/5 mL. How many mL should the nurse administer per dose? (Round the answer to the nearest tenth.) back 3 6.3 mL front 4 A nurse is providing teaching to a client who is to start taking lisinopril. Which of the following findings is an adverse effect that the nurse should instruct the client to monitor and report to the provider? A. Hair loss B. Ringing in the ears C. Facial flushing D. Dry cough back 4 Dry cough A buildup of bradykinin from taking lisinopril can cause a client to have a dry cough and lead to life-threatening consequences. The client should report the finding to the provider. HESI RN Pharmacology Final Exam front 5 A nurse is providing teaching for a client who has a new prescription for ferrous sulfate. The nurse should instruct the client to take the medication with which of the following to promote absorption? A. Vitamin E B. Orange juice C. Milk D. Antacids back 5 Orange juice The absorption of ferrous sulfate is enhanced by a vitamin C source, such as orange juice. However, increasing the dosage of ferrous sulfate can provide the same benefit to increase the amount of iron uptake. front 6 The nurse is caring for a client who is taking acetazolamide for chronic open-angle glaucoma. For which of the following adverse effects should the nurse instruct the client to monitor and report? A. Tingling of fingers. B. Constipation. C. Weight gain. D. Oliguria. back 6 Tingling of fingers. The nurse should instruct the client to report the adverse effect of paresthesia, a tingling sensation in the extremities, when taking acetazolamide. front 7 A circulating nurse is planning care for a client who is scheduled for surgery and has a latex allergy. Which of the following actions should the nurse include in the plan of care? A. Schedule the client for the last surgery of the day. B. Place monitoring cords and tubes in a stockinet. C. Choose rubber injection ports for fluid administration. D. Ensure phenytoin IV is readily available. back 7 Place monitoring cords and tubes in a stockinet. The circulating nurse should ensure that latex-free products are used in the care of this client. Rubber injection ports contain latex, which would place the client at risk for a severe allergic reaction. front 8 A nurse is providing teaching about adverse effects of clindamycin to a client. Which of the following findings should the nurse instruct the client to report to the provider? A. Orange urine B. Watery diarrhea C. Weight gain D. Headache back 8 Watery diarrhea The client who takes clindamycin can have an adverse effect of watery diarrhea that can lead to Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea or pseudomembranous colitis. The client should report these findings immediately to the provider. HESI RN Pharmacology Final Exam front 9 A nurse is caring for the mother of a newborn. The mother asks the nurse when her newborn should receive his first DTaP vaccine. The nurse should instruct the mother that her newborn should receive the immunization at which of the following ages? A. Birth B. 2 months C. 6 months D. 15 months back 9 2 months The CDC recommends that newborns receive the first dose of the five-dose series of the DTaP immunization at 2 months of age. front 10 A nurse is providing teaching to a client who is to start taking sumatriptan. Which of the following adverse effects should the nurse instruct the client to monitor for and report to the provider? A. Chest pressure B. White patches on the tongue C. Bruising D. Insomnia back 10 Chest pressure Sumatriptan is an antimigraine agent which can cause coronary vasospasms, resulting in angina. The client should report chest pressure or heavy arms to the provider. front 11 A nurse in a provider's office is assessing a client who has been taking aspirin daily for the past year. For which of the following findings should the nurse notify the provider immediately? A. Hyperventilation B. Heartburn C. Anorexia D. Swollen ankles back 11 Hyperventilation When using the urgent vs. nonurgent approach to client care, the nurse should determine that the priority finding is hyperventilation. This indicates the client might have acute salicylate poisoning, which causes respiratory alkalosis in the early stages. front 12 A nurse is caring for a client who has cancer and is taking oral morphine and docusate sodium. The nurse should instruct the client that taking the docusate sodium on a daily basis can minimize which of the following adverse effects of morphine? A. Constipation B. Drowsiness C. Facial flushing D. Itching back 12 Constipation Constipation is a common adverse effect of morphine that will minimize when the client takes docusate sodium, a stool softener that promotes easier evacuation of stool by increasing water and fat in the intestine. HESI RN Pharmacology Final Exam front 13 A nurse is caring for a client who has heart failure and is receiving an IV infusion of dopamine. Which of the following findings indicates that the medication is effective? A. Decreased blood pressure. B. Increased heart rate. C. Increased cardiac output. D. Decreased serum potassium. back 13 Increased cardiac output. Dopamine is an adrenergic that causes a receptor specificity effect, which increases cardiac output and improves perfusion. front 14 A nurse is reviewing the prescriptions of a client who has tuberculosis. The nurse should identify that which of the following medications are used to treat tuberculosis? (SATA) A. Rifampin B. Mirtazapine C. Temazepam D. Infliximab E. Isoniazid back 14 Rifampin is correct. This medication is given to treat tuberculosis by inhibiting the production of mycobacteria. Isoniazid is correct. This medication is given to treat tuberculosis by inhibiting the production of mycobacteria. front 15 A nurse is administering baclofen for a client who has a spinal cord injury. Which of the following should the nurse document as a therapeutic outcome? A. Increase in seizure threshold. B. Decrease in flexor and extensor spasticity. C. Increase in cognitive function. D. Decrease in paralysis of the extremities. back 15 Decrease in flexor and extensor spasticity. The client who has a spinal cord injury and takes baclofen can experience a decrease in the frequency and severity of muscle spasms and in flexor and extensor spasticity. front 16 A nurse is teaching about zolpidem with a client who has insomnia. The nurse should identify that which of the following client statements indicates an understanding of the teaching? A. I will need to get laboratory testing prior to a refill of this medication. B. I will use this medication for a short period of time. C. I will need to take this medication for 1 week before results are seen. D. I will need to change the medications to prevent building up a tolerance. back 16 I will use this medication for a short period of time Zolpidem is used for short-term treatment of insomnia. Therefore, the provider should reassess the client before refilling the prescription. HESI RN Pharmacology Final Exam front 17 A nurse is teaching a client who is starting to take ketorolac. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching? A. Check for bruising while taking this medication. B. Take the medication on an empty stomach. C. The medication can cause anxiety. D. Increase iron intake with this medication. back 17 Check for bruising while taking this medication. The nurse should instruct the client to check for bruising because ketorolac can increase the risk of bleeding by interfering with platelet aggregation. front 18 A nurse is providing teaching about insulin glargine to a client who has type 1 diabetes mellitus. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the instructions? A. Observe for hypoglycemia when the insulin peaks. B. Administer the insulin immediately before meals. C. Do not mix this medication in a syringe with other insulin. D. Rotate the bottle gently prior to drawing up the insulin. back 18 Do not mix this medication in a syringe with other insulin. The client should not mix insulin glargine with any other type of insulin in the same syringe, because this procedure can alter the medication's effects. front 19 A nurse is teaching a client who is starting to take amitriptyline. Which of the following findings should the nurse include in the teaching as an adverse effect of the medication? A. Diarrhea B. Cough C. Urinary retention D. Increased libido back 19 Urinary retention The nurse should instruct the client that amitriptyline causes the anticholinergic effect of urinary retention. front 20 A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving end-of-life care and has a prescription for fentanyl patches. Which of the following information regarding adverse effects of fentanyl should the nurse plan to give the client and family? A. The provider will prescribe naloxone at home for respiratory depression. B. Remove the patch to reverse the adverse effects immediately. C. Expect an increase in urinary output. D. Take a stool softener on a daily basis. back 20 Take a stool softener on a daily basis Constipation is an adverse effect of opioid use and stool softeners can decrease the severity of this adverse effect. HESI RN Pharmacology Final Exam front 21 A nurse is administering cefotetan via intermittent IV bolus to a client who suddenly develops dyspnea and widespread hives. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first? A. Administer epinephrine 0.5 mL via IV bolus B. Discontinue the medication IV infusion C. Elevate the client's legs above the level of the heart. D. Collect a blood specimen for ABGs. back 21 Discontinue the medication IV infusion. The greatest risk to the client is respiratory arrest from anaphylaxis. Therefore, the first action the nurse should take is to discontinue the medication IV infusion to prevent the client from receiving more medication. However, the nurse should not remove the IV catheter. Instead, the nurse should change the tubing and administer 0.9% sodium chloride by continuous IV infusion. front 22 A nurse is assessing a client who has myasthenia gravis and is taking neostigmine. Which of the following findings should indicate to the nurse the client is experiencing an adverse effect? A. Tachycardia B. Oliguria C. Xerostomia D. Miosis back 22 Miosis which is pupillary constriction, is a common adverse effect of neostigmine due to the excessive muscarinic stimulation that causes difficulty with visual accommodation. front 23 A nurse is teaching a client who is to start taking temazepam. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include? A. Limit continuous use to 7 to 10 weeks. B. Schedule doses for early morning before breakfast. C. Expect that it will take 4 nights before benefits are noticed. D. Plan to withdraw from the medication gradually. back 23 Plan to withdraw from the medication gradually. The nurse should include in the teaching to have the client plan to withdraw from taking temazepam gradually to avoid mild withdrawal syndrome. front 24 A nurse is teaching a client about cyclobenzaprine. Which of the following client statements should indicate to the nurse that the teaching is effective? A. I will have increased saliva production. B. I will continue taking the medication until the rash disappears. C. I will taper off the medication before discontinuing it. D. I