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ATI Pharmacology Proctored Test Bank (Newly Updated)

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ATI Pharmacology Proctored Test Bank ATI Pharmacology Proctored Test Bank HESI Pharmacology Proctored Test Bank 1) A nurse is caring for a client with hyperparathyroidism and notes that the client's serum calcium level is 13 mg/dL. Which medication should the nurse prepare to administer as p...

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  • February 17, 2022
  • 188
  • 2021/2022
  • Exam (elaborations)
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ATI Pharmacology Proctored Test Bank

HESI Pharmacology Proctored Test Bank

Question and Answers, With Rationales

1) A nurse is caring for a client with hyperparathyroidism and notes that the client's

serum calcium level is 13 mg/dL. Which medication should the nurse prepare to

administer as prescribed to the client?

1. Calcium chloride

2. Calcium gluconate

3. Calcitonin (Miacalcin)

4. Large doses of vitamin D

3. Calcitonin (Miacalcin)

Rationale:

The normal serum calcium level is 8.6 to 10.0 mg/dL. This client is experiencing

hypercalcemia. Calcium gluconate and calcium chloride are medications used for

the treatment of tetany, which occurs as a result of acute hypocalcemia. In

hypercalcemia, large doses of vitamin D need to be avoided. Calcitonin, a thyroid

hormone, decreases the plasma calcium level by inhibiting bone resorption and

lowering the serum calcium concentration.

,2.) Oral iron supplements are prescribed for a 6-year-old child with iron deficiency

anemia. The nurse instructs the mother to administer the iron with which best food

item?

1. Milk

2. Water

3. Apple juice

4. Orange juice

4. Orange juice

Rationale:

Vitamin C increases the absorption of iron by the body. The mother should be

instructed to administer the medication with a citrus fruit or a juice that is high in

vitamin C. Milk may affect absorption of the iron. Water will not assist in

absorption. Orange juice contains a greater amount of vitamin C than apple juice.

3.) Salicylic acid is prescribed for a client with a diagnosis of psoriasis. The nurse

monitors the client, knowing that which of the following would indicate the

presence of systemic toxicity from this medication?

1. Tinnitus

2. Diarrhea

3. Constipation

4. Decreased respirations

,1. Tinnitus

Rationale:

Salicylic acid is absorbed readily through the skin, and systemic toxicity

(salicylism) can result. Symptoms include tinnitus, dizziness, hyperpnea, and

psychological disturbances. Constipation and diarrhea are not associated with

salicylism.

4.) The camp nurse asks the children preparing to swim in the lake if they have

applied sunscreen. The nurse reminds the children that chemical sunscreens are

most effective when applied:

1. Immediately before swimming

2. 15 minutes before exposure to the sun

3. Immediately before exposure to the sun

4. At least 30 minutes before exposure to the sun

4. At least 30 minutes before exposure to the sun

Rationale:

Sunscreens are most effective when applied at least 30 minutes before exposure to

the sun so that they can penetrate the skin. All sunscreens should be reapplied after

swimming or sweating.

, 5.) Mafenide acetate (Sulfamylon) is prescribed for the client with a burn injury.

When applying the medication, the client complains of local discomfort and

burning. Which of the following is the most appropriate nursing action?

1. Notifying the registered nurse

2. Discontinuing the medication

3. Informing the client that this is normal

4. Applying a thinner film than prescribed to the burn site

3. Informing the client that this is normal

Rationale:

Mafenide acetate is bacteriostatic for gram-negative and gram-positive organisms

and is used to treat burns to reduce bacteria present in avascular tissues. The client

should be informed that the medication will cause local discomfort and burning

and that this is a normal reaction; therefore options 1, 2, and 4 are incorrect

6.) The burn client is receiving treatments of topical mafenide acetate (Sulfamylon)

to the site of injury. The nurse monitors the client, knowing that which of the

following indicates that a systemic effect has occurred?

1.Hyperventilation

2.Elevated blood pressure

3.Local pain at the burn site

4.Local rash at the burn site

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