GNUR 297 EXAM 1 STUDY GUIDE | 100% SATISFACTIONGNUR 297 EXAM 1 STUDY GUIDE Chapter 01: Wellness Nutrition Review Questions 1. What are the six dimensions of health? Define each. 2. What is the role of nutrition in relation to the holistic view of health described in the text? 3. From a nursing pers...
GNUR 297 EXAM 1 STUDY GUIDE
Chapter 01: Wellness Nutrition
Review Questions
1. What are the six dimensions of health? Define each.
Physical Health- efficiency of the body to function and maintain immunity to disease
Intellectual Health- use of intellectual abilities to learn and adapt to changes
Emotional Health-capacity to easily express or suppress emotions appropriately
Social Health-ability to interact with people in an acceptable manner and sustain relationships
Spiritual Health-cultural beliefs that give purpose to human existence
Environmental Health- external factors that affect our health and well-being
2. What is the role of nutrition in relation to the holistic view of health described in the
text?
3. From a nursing perspective, what is the goal of health promotion? Describe the
function of knowledge, techniques, and community support in achieving this goal.
Health promotion consists of strategies used to raise the level of the health of individuals,
families, groups, and communities. Strategies implemented by nurses often focus on lifestyle
changes that will lead to new, positive health behaviors.
4. Describe the purpose and application of Healthy People 2020.
Healthy People 2020 is a set of national health goals and objectives for the United States that
considers the overlapping of environmental and social determinants of health as affecting health
outcomes. It’s goal is to create a society where all people live long, healthy lives. Healthy
People 2020 is applied by identifying nationwide health priorities, increasing public awareness
and understanding of health issues, providing measurable objectives and goals, engaging
multiple sectors to take actions to strengthen policies, and identifying critical research needs.
5. What are the three classifications of disease prevention? Give an example of each.
Primary Prevention: activities to avert the initial development of a disease or poor health
Ex. Eat a variety of foods; adopt a low-fat, high fiber diet
Secondary Prevention: early detection to halt or reduce the effects of a disease or illness
Ex. Consume a low sodium diet to reduce blood pressure.
, Tertiary Prevention: occurs after a disorder develops; minimize further complications or
assist in restoration of health
Ex. Diet therapy for ulcers, diverticulitis, coronary artery disease
6. What are the three forms of education used to develop health literacy?
1. Formal education - purposefully planned for implementation in school setting
2. Non-formal education - takes place through organized teaching and learning events in
hospitals, clinics, and community centers
3. Informal education - utilizes a variety of educational experiences through daily activities
7. What is the difference between essential and nonessential nutrients?
Essential nutrients are not made by our bodies therefore we need them in our diet
Non-essential nutrients are made in our bodies
8. How are Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs) determined? Explain the differences among
estimated average requirements (EARs), Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDAs),
adequate intakes (AIs), upper intake levels (ULs), and Acceptable Macronutrient
Distribution Ranges (AMDRs).
DRI: Dietary reference intake; used by military, government, prison;
DRIs are based on three things:
1. Reviewing scientific data available about specific nutrient use
2. Assessing the function of these nutrients to reduce the risk of chronic diseases
3. Evaluating current data on nutrient consumption levels among US and Canadian
populations
EAR: Estimated Average Requirement
· Amount of nutrient needed to meet needs of 50% of the population
· Used to set RDA
· Considers deficiency and physiological function
RDA: Recommended Dietary Allowance
· Level is sufficient enough to meet needs of 98% of people (RDA=EAR + 2 standard
deviations)
· Divided into gender, age, life stage
· Aim to supply adequate nutrient intake to decrease risk of chronic illness
AI: Adequate Intake
· Not enough scientific evidence to establish an EAR therefore an RDA
· Fiber, water, sodium
· More of an observation or judgement
UL: tolerable upper limit
· Highest without ill effects; can become toxic over long period of time
· Supplement use- mostly fat-soluble Vitamins ADEK
AMDR: acceptable macronutrient distribution range
· 45-65% calories from carbs
· 20-35% calories from fat
· 10-35% calories from protein
9. Differentiate undernutrition, overnutrition, and malnutrition.
Undernutrition-consumption of not enough energy or nutrients in comparison with DRI values
Overnutrition-consumption of too many nutrients and too much energy in comparison with DRI
values
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