Class notes
Summary of Cellular response to injury
- Course
- Institution
- Book
Summary of Cellular response to injury. Topic: Hypertrophy, hyperplasia, atrophy, hypertensive heart disease, inflammatory disease, intracellular accumulation
[Show more]
Connected book
Book Title:
Author(s):
- Edition:
- ISBN:
- Edition:
More summaries for
-
Summary Robbins - Mbbs..02
-
INSUFICIENCIA CARDIACA
-
HIV / SIDA
Seller
Follow
chithnh
Content preview
CELLULAR RESPONSE :Adaption - Reversible functional and structural response to stimuli
- Adaptive responses are exceeded or if cells are exposed to injurious
agents or stress, deprived of nutrients, or become compromised by
mutations that affect essential cellular constituents -> Injury
Adaption -> reversible injury -> prolong and severe stimulus -> irreversible injury
- Reversible injury : hallmark by decrease in reduced oxidative phosphorylation -> reduce in ATP.
Cell edema due to change in ion concentration
Hyperplasia
- Increase in number of the cell
- Physiology : due to stimulation of hormone
- Pathology : due to over stimulation of hormone, viral infection
- Compensatory hyperplasia : liver regeneration
- Benign Prostatic hyperplasia :
- Nodular hyperplasia and epithelial cells
- Increase in number of senescent cell and inhibit cell death
- Morphology :
- Median lobe hypertrophy : nodular hyperplasia in periurethral zone
- Nodules : portion of storm and glands
- Hyperplastic gland : lined by 2 cell layer : inner columnar and outer flattened basal cell
Myocardial hypertrophy :
- Mechanism : pressure / volume overload / trophic signals
- Morphology : characteristic by enlarge nuclei
- Pressure-overload hypertrophy
- Hypertension, aortic stenosis
- New sarcomeres are predominant, parallel to the axes of cells
- Increase in wall thickness
- Volume-overload
- Sarcomeres are arranged in series within existing sarcomere
- Wall thickness varies : normal, increase, decrease
Hypertensive heart disease
Systemic ( Left-sided ) - Clinical : Left ventricle hypertrophy + hypertension in other organ =
Hypertensive heart disease HHD
- Increase in thickness of ventricular wall : increase in myocardiocyte
size, increase interstitial connective tissue
Pulmonary hypertension -> - Isolated pulmonary HHD : for pulmonate
Right-sided Hypertensive - Dilation of RV without hypertrophy
heart disease - Thicken of RV wall and other structure surrounding the pulmonary
valve
Atrophy
- Reduction in size of an organ or tissue due to decrease in size and number of cell
- Etiology of Atrophy :
- Disuse atrophy
- Diminished blood supply : Senile atrophy ( heart, brain,… )
- Loss of innervation : enervation atrophy
- Inadequate nutrient
- Loss of endocrine stimulation
- Pressure
- Mechanism : decrease in protein synthesis and increase in protein degeneration due to
ubiquitin- protease system
- Sometimes, autophagy ( self-eat ) happens to save energy
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller chithnh. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $3.21. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
Can Stuvia be trusted?
4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
50064 documents were sold in the last 30 days
Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy study notes for 14 years now