Nursing: A Concept-Based Approach to Learning Vol. 1 2 & 3, 3e
Module 1 Acid-Base Balance
The Concept of Acid-Base Balance
1) A client is brought to the emergency department (ED) after passing out in a local
department store. The client has been fasting and has ketones in the urine. Which acidb...
nursing a concept based approach to learning vol 1 2 amp 3
3e module 1 acid base balance the concept of acid base balance 1 a client is brought to the emergency department ed after passing out
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Nursing: A Concept-Based
Approach to Learning Vol. 1 2 & 3,
3e
Test Bank
#BETTERNURSE #NURSEMOHH
david.jamin19@gmail.com
, Nursing: A Concept-Based Approach to Learning Vol. 1 2 & 3, 3e
Module 1 Acid-Base Balance
The Concept of Acid-Base Balance
1) A client is brought to the emergency department (ED) after passing out in a local
department store. The client has been fasting and has ketones in the urine. Which acid-
base imbalance would the nurse expect to assess in this client?
A) Metabolic acidosis
B) Respiratory alkalosis
C) Metabolic alkalosis
D) Respiratory acidosis Answer: A
Explanation: A) A client who is fasting is at risk for development of metabolic acidosis.
The body recognizes fasting as starvation and begins to metabolize its own fatty acids
into ketones, which are metabolic acids. Starvation would not result in respiratory
acidosis or alkalosis or in metabolic alkalosis.
B) A client who is fasting is at risk for development of metabolic acidosis. The body
recognizes fasting as starvation and begins to metabolize its own fatty acids into
ketones, which are metabolic acids. Starvation would not result in respiratory acidosis
or alkalosis or in metabolic alkalosis.
C) A client who is fasting is at risk for development of metabolic acidosis. The body
recognizes fasting as starvation and begins to metabolize its own fatty acids into
ketones, which are metabolic acids. Starvation would not result in respiratory acidosis
or alkalosis or in metabolic alkalosis.
D) A client who is fasting is at risk for development of metabolic acidosis. The body
recognizes fasting as starvation and begins to metabolize its own fatty acids into
ketones, which are metabolic acids. Starvation would not result in respiratory acidosis
or alkalosis or in metabolic alkalosis.
Standards: QSEN Competencies: III.A.1. Demonstrate knowledge of basic scientific
methods and processes. | AACN Essential Competencies: IX.3. Implement holistic,
,patient-centered care that reflects an understanding of human growth and
development, pathophysiology, pharmacology, medical management and nursing
management across the health-illness continuum, across lifespan, and in all healthcare
settings. | NLN Competencies: Knowledge and Science: Relationships between
knowledge/science and quality and safe patient care. | Nursing Process: Assessment
Learning Outcome: 1.2. Differentiate alterations in acid-base balance.
MNL LO: Analyze the concept of acid-base balance and its application to nursing care.
2) Which risk factors exhibited by the client presenting in the emergency
department (ED) would place the client at risk for metabolic acidosis? Select all that
apply.
A) Abdominal fistulas
B) Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
C) Pneumonia
D) Acute renal failure
E) Hypovolemic shock Answer: A, D, E
Explanation: A) Metabolic acidosis is rarely a primary disorder. It usually develops
during the course of another disease; presence of abdominal fistulas, which can cause
excess bicarbonate loss; acute renal failure; and hypovolemic shock. Chronic obstructive
pulmonary disease and pneumonia place the client at risk for respiratory acidosis with
the increased retention of carbon dioxide in the blood.
B) Metabolic acidosis is rarely a primary disorder. It usually develops during the
course of another disease; presence of abdominal fistulas, which can cause excess
bicarbonate loss; acute renal failure; and hypovolemic shock. Chronic obstructive
pulmonary disease and pneumonia place the client at risk for respiratory acidosis with
the increased retention of carbon dioxide in the blood.
C) Metabolic acidosis is rarely a primary disorder. It usually develops during the
course of another disease; presence of abdominal fistulas, which can cause excess
bicarbonate loss; acute renal failure; and hypovolemic shock. Chronic obstructive
pulmonary disease and pneumonia place the client at risk for respiratory acidosis with
the increased retention of carbon dioxide in the blood.
, D) Metabolic acidosis is rarely a primary disorder. It usually develops during the
course of another disease; presence of abdominal fistulas, which can cause excess
bicarbonate loss; acute renal failure; and hypovolemic shock. Chronic obstructive
pulmonary disease and pneumonia place the client at risk for respiratory acidosis with
the increased retention of carbon dioxide in the blood.
E) Metabolic acidosis is rarely a primary disorder. It usually develops during the
course of another disease; presence of abdominal fistulas, which can cause excess
bicarbonate loss; acute renal failure; and hypovolemic shock. Chronic obstructive
pulmonary disease and pneumonia place the client at risk for respiratory acidosis with
the increased retention of carbon dioxide in the blood.
Standards: QSEN Competencies: III.A.1. Demonstrate knowledge of basic scientific
methods and processes. | AACN Essential Competencies: IX.3. Implement holistic,
patient-centered care that reflects an understanding of human growth and
development, pathophysiology, pharmacology, medical
management and nursing management across the health-illness continuum, across
lifespan, and in all healthcare settings. | NLN Competencies: Knowledge and Science:
Relationships between knowledge/science and quality and safe patient care. | Nursing
Process: Assessment
Learning Outcome: 1.2. Differentiate alterations in acid-base balance.
MNL LO: Analyze the concept of acid-base balance and its application to nursing care.
3) A child with acute asthma has a PaCO2 of 48 mmHg, a pH of 7.31, and a normal
HCO3 blood gas value. The nurse interprets these findings as indicative of which
condition?
A) Metabolic acidosis
B) Respiratory alkalosis
C) Respiratory acidosis
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