nur 2474 module 6 study guide cardiovascular amp hematologic
Written for
NUR 2474
All documents for this subject (324)
Seller
Follow
academicmaster
Reviews received
Content preview
NUR 2474 Module 6 Study Guide: Cardiovascular &
Hematologic
LIPOPROTEINS
- High-density (HDL) = "Good"
- Low-density (LDL) = "Bad"
Nonpharmacological Interventions for Hyperlipidemia
- Lifestyle changes
○ Routine exercise
○ Smoking cessation
- Dietary changes
○ Reduce saturated fats
○ 30% or less fat in caloric intake
○ 300 mg/day or less of cholesterol
HMG-COA REDUCTASE INHIBITORS (STATINS)
- Decreases LDLs
- Increases HDLs
- Side Effects
○ GI distress
○ Constipation
○ Muscle cramps
○ Fatigue
○ Hepatotoxic
○ Myopathy
▪ Risk for rhabdomyolysis (death of muscle fibers which them releases into the blood)
▪ Monitor CK (creatine kinase)
- Interactions
○ Grapefruit juice (inhibits metabolism)
○ Erythromycin, ketoconazole, amiodarone
- Nursing Interventions
○ Monitor blood lipid levels (LDL, HDL, Triglycerides)
○ Monitor liver labs
▪ Baseline, 12 weeks, Q6 months
- Education
○ May take 2-3 weeks to have therapeutic effect
○ Report signs of liver dysfunction
○ Report muscles aches, pain, and tenderness
○ Do not take while pregnant or lactating
○ Take in evening with meal (especially lovastatin)
Lovastatin
Atorvastatin
Simvastatin
Pravastatin
Rosuvastatin
Fluvastatin
BILE-ACID SEQUESTRIANTS
- Action
○ Reduce LDL by binding with bile-acids in the intestine
○ Forms insoluble complexes with bile salts (increasing bile loss in stool)
- Side Effects
○ Constipation
○ Flatulence
, ○ Cramping
- Interactions
○ Interferes with all fat soluble vitamins (A,D,E,K) and other medications
- Considerations
○ Also used to treat type II diabetes
▪ At risk for hypoglycemia (monitor glucose levels)
○ Monitor cholesterol and triglycerides
- Education
○ Take other meds and vitamins 1 hour prior or 4 hours after
○ When in powder form, mix with water, juice, or applesauce
○ Increase fiber and fluids
○ Take with food and full glass of water
Colesevelam Welchol
Cholestyramine Questran
ORGANIC NITRATES
Nitroglycerin
- Mechanism of Action
○ Promotes vasodilation
- Side Effects/ Adverse Reactions
○ Headache
○ Hypotension
○ Flushing
○ Dizziness
○ Weakness
○ Syncope
- Routes of Administration
○ Sublingual
○ Topical
○ Aerosol spray
○ IV
○ ER Tabs = buccal and PO
- Considerations
○ Do not abruptly discontinue (will case rebound hypertension)
○ Do not use Viagra (or other ED meds)
○ Can cause severe hypotension
CLOT FORMATION AND PREVENTION
- Arterial clot formation
○ Platelets initiate process
○ Fibrin formations occurs
○ RBCs are trapped in fibrin mesh
- Venous clot formation
○ Platelet aggregation with fibrin that attaches to RBCs
- Rx used for…
○ DVT
○ PE
○ MI
○ Artificial heart valves
○ Stroke
ANTICOAGULANTS
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller academicmaster. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $19.49. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.