CARDIOVASCULAR DISORDERS-CONTENT REVIEW
• Understand EKG’s (e.g. interpretation, S/S, treatments
o Atrial
▪ SB
▪ ST
▪ SVT
▪ A-Fib
▪ A-Flutter
▪ PACs
▪ Paced-beats
▪ 1st, 2nd, 3rd degree heart blocks
• Atropine, adenosine, synchronized cardioversion, coumadin,
pacing
o Ventricular
▪ PVCs (unifocal, multifocal, bigeminy, trigemini,)
▪ VT (pulse/pulseless)
▪ VF
▪ Asystole
• O2, amiodarone, lidocaine, defibrillate, CPR, epinephrine
• Understand S/S, assessment findings, priority interventions, treatments, and teaching
for CHF (Right and Left), STEMI, Acute Pericarditis, Angina, MI, Cardiogenic Shock, CAD,
and Hypertension
o Know how to calculate the MAP and Priority nursing interventions
o (2X Diastolic + Systolic) divided by 3
• Laboratory finding associated with cardiovascular disorders
o Potassium
o Calcium
o Sodium
o CK, CKMB, Troponin
o LDL, HDL, Cholesterol
• Understand cardiac medications (e.g., Atropine, adenosine, diltiazem, amiodarone,
coumadin, lidocaine, Lopressor, isuprel, dopamine, digoxin, NTG (SL), HCTZ
• Understand care for a client with a central venous catheter
o Aseptic care
o S/S of infection
o Removal care
• DVT nursing interventions
o Assessment findings
o Medical care
• Understand S/S, nursing interventions, medical interventions (surgeries, care pre- and
post-op, medications) for various valve disorders:
, o Aortic
o Mitral
o Tricuspid
Which of the following interventions are a priority during exacerbation of left sided heart
failure? (Select all that apply)
A. Metered dose inhaler of albuterol
B. High Fowler’s position
C. Oxygen
D. IV Fluids
E. Incentive spirometer
F. Diuretics
The nurse should monitor a client after a coronary angioplasty for which of the following clinical
manifestations indicating cardiac tamponade? (Select all that apply)
A. Muffled heart sounds
B. Headache
C. Hypotension
D. Vision changes
E. Cool, diaphoretic
skin F. Tachycardia
Which of the following should the nurse include in the plan of care for the client experiencing
pain from a DVT of the left who is receiving heparin and warfarin (Coumadin)? Administration
of:
A. Aspirin 325mg PO every 4 hours
B. Patient controlled analgesic of morphine
C. Meperidine (Demerol) 50mg IM every 3 hours
D. Ibuprofen (Motrin) 400mg PO every 6 hours PRN
A client is brought to the emergency room with a third degree heart block after experiencing an
acute anterior MI. Which of the following interventions is the priority on an emergency basis?
A. Temporary pacemaker
B. Administer lidocaine
C. Cardioversion
D. Administer atropine
During a routine physical examination, a client reports recent occipital headaches, blurred
vision, fatigue, and increasing edema. The nurse reports these findings as indicative of
A. Endocarditis
B. Hypovolemic
shock C. Hypertension
D. Ventricular tachycardia
, Immediately after receiving cefazolin (Ancef) IV for prophylaxis for a pacemaker insertion, the
client becomes restless, tachycardic, and hypotensive. Which of the following interventions
should the nurse implement as the priority?
A. Administer epinephrine
B. Obtain stat blood culture
C. Administer thrombolytic therapy
D. Administer atropine
After a client with coronary artery disease develops heavy, substernal chest pain, which of the
following interventions should the nurse do first?
A. Administer 2 puffs of albuterol (Proventil) by mouth.
B. Administer 1 tablet of nitroglycerin under the tongue every 5 minutes; call 911 if no
relief after 15 minutes.
C. Administer 0.04 mg IV push nitroglycerin slowly over 1-2 minutes.
D. Administer immediate synchronized cardioversion.
ENDOCRINE DISORDERS-CONTENT REVIEW
• Understand the dynamic between the utilization of insulin and steroids
• Understand testing to determine long-term IDDM control
o Fasting blood glucose level
o Ketones/albumin in urine
o Glycosylated hemoglobin
• Understand worsening manifestations for patients with pituitary adenoma
• Know S/S of syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH), lab values, and
treatments.
o Neurological considerations
• Understand the pathophysiology of DKA, clinical manifestations, priority interventions,
and evaluative criteria for improvement
o Kussmal respirations
• Understand DI, S/S and nursing considerations
• Understand S/S of HYPO and HYPERthyroidism and thyroid storm
o Common medication prescribed (PTU) and side-effects/adverse actions, nursing
interventions, and priority care
o Know nursing priority actions for patients undergoing an adrenalectomy
• Understand Addison’s Disease, assessment findings, priority interventions (especially
with Addison’s Crisis)
• Understand hypo/hyper parathyroidism s/s, treatments, medications, and nursing
considerations.
• Understand s/s and nursing assessment and considerations for Cushing’s Syndrome
caused by adrenal tumor
o (BP, I&O, WBC, glucose, Na, K, and Ca levels, meticulous skin care, radiation
therapy care, etc.).
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