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RN VATI Pharmacology 2019 Assessment (answered) Retake 2022 Updated With Rationale
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RN VATI Pharmacology 2019 Assessment(answered) Retake 2022 Updated With
Rationale
-A nurse is preparing to administer diclofenac to a client who has chronic bursitis. Which
of the following actions should the nurse take?
a. administer the medication at bedtime
b. avoid administering the medication with antacids
c. administer the medication with food
d. crush the medication prior to administration
{{{Answer}}} (Administer the medication with food
Diclofenac is an NSAID and can cause gastric irritation. Clients should take NSAIDs
with food or milk to minimize gastric irritation.he nurse should not administer the
medication at bedtime because the client should remain upright for 15 to 30 min after
administration to prevent esophageal irritation. Diclofenac is available as an enteric-
coated tablet for delayed release. Clients should not crush or chew sustained-release
medications because doing so will increase gastrointestinal adverse effects and
decrease the effectiveness of the medication.)
-A nurse is planning care for a client who has asthma and a prescription for
methylprednisolone. Which of the following laboratory values should the nurse monitor
while the client is receiving this medication?
a. Aspartate aminotransferase (AST)
b. Fibrin split products
c. BUN
d. Glucose
{{{Answer}}} (Glucose
Methylprednisolone therapy increases the synthesis of glucose and decreases the
uptake of glucose by the muscles and adipose tissues, resulting in increased circulating
glucose. Therefore, it is important for the nurse to monitor blood glucose levels regularly
while clients are receiving corticosteroid therapy.
Aspartate aminotransferase is an enzyme that is present in the heart, liver, skeletal
muscles, and other highly metabolic tissues. AST levels are increased in conditions that
cause cellular injury, such as liver disease; however, methylprednisolone therapy does
not affect AST levels. Fibrin split products are present in the serum when thromboses
are present. Increased levels of fibrin split products can increase disseminated
,intravascular coagulation (DIC); however, methylprednisolone therapy does not affect
blood clotting. BUN levels reflect kidney function and glomerular filtration. Hydration
status and nephrotoxic medications can alter BUN levels; however, methylprednisolone
therapy does not affect renal function.)
-A nurse is caring for a client who is postmenopausal and has a prescription for
raloxifene. The nurse should instruct the client that raloxifene is prescribed for which of
the following reasons?
a. To treat irritable bowel syndrome
b. To reduce the risk for breast cancer
c. To reduce the occurrence of hot flashes
d. To lower the risk of pulmonary embolism
{{{Answer}}} (To reduce the risk for breast cancer
Raloxifene can lower the risk for breast cancer in postmenopausal clients who have a
high risk for developing estrogen-receptive types of breast cancer. The medication also
reduces the risk for and can treat postmenopausal osteoporosis.Raloxifene is a
selective estrogen receptor modulator. In clients who are postmenopausal, it can reduce
the risk for and treat osteoporosis and protect against breast cancer.
Hot flashes are an adverse effect of raloxifene. Raloxifene reduces the occurrence of
fractures related to osteoporosis and reduces the cholesterol level in clients who are
postmenopausal.Raloxifene can cause several significant cardiovascular and
respiratory adverse effects, such as thromboembolism, stroke, peripheral edema,
pneumonia, and the development of pulmonary emboli. Clients should not take this
medication prior to periods of prolonged immobilization, such as surgery. A history of
thromboembolic events is a contraindication for taking this medication.)
-A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving heparin by continuous IV infusion for
treatment of venous thrombosis. Which of the following laboratory values should the
nurse monitor for in order to titrate the heparin dose?
a. platelet function assay
b. aPTT
c. INR
d. Amylase
{{{Answer}}} (aPTT
The nurse should monitor the aPTT of a client who is receiving heparin by continuous IV
infusion. When beginning heparin therapy, the nurse should monitor the aPTT every 4
to 6 hr. Once the client has achieved the desired range, the nurse should monitor the
aPTT daily.
The nurse should monitor the platelet function assay of a client who has a bleeding
disorder. This test evaluates platelet function and ability to cause hemostasis; however,
heparin does not affect it.The nurse should monitor a client's INR to evaluate the effects
, of warfarin therapy. The nurse should ensure the collection of the client's blood
specimen prior to administering the daily warfarin dose.The nurse should review the
amylase levels of a client who has pancreatitis. Amylase is a pancreatic enzyme that
increases in clients who have acute or chronic pancreatitis; however, heparin does not
affect this enzyme.)
-A nurse is assessing a client who has a positive Trousseau's sign. Wich of the following
medications should the nurse plan to administer?
a. sodium bicarbonate
b. manesium sulfate
c. calcium gluconate
d. potassium chloride
{{{Answer}}} (Calcium gluconate
The nurse should identify that a positive Trousseau's sign is a manifestation of
hypocalcemia. Therefore, the nurse should plan to administer calcium gluconate to treat
hypocalcemia.
Sodium bicarbonate is administered to treat metabolic acidosis. The nurse should
recognize that sodium bicarbonate is not used to treat a positive Trousseau's
sign.Magnesium sulfate is administered to treat hypomagnesemia. The nurse should
recognize that magnesium sulfate is not used to treat a positive Trousseau's sign.
Potassium chloride is administered to treat hypokalemia. The nurse should recognize
that potassium chloride is not used to treat a positive Trousseau's sign.)
-A nurse is preparing to administer morphine 0.3 mg/kg PO to a school-aged child who
weighs 88 lb. Available is morphine oral solution 2mg/ml. How many mL should the
nurse administer?
{{{Answer}}} (6 mL)
-A nurse is administering haloperidol to a client who has schizophrenia. For which of the
following adverse effects should the nurse monitor?
a. gingival hyperplasia
b. muscle rigidity
c. polyuria
d. bruising
{{{Answer}}} (Muscle rigidity
A client who is taking haloperidol, a first-generation antipsychotic agent, can develop
extrapyramidal effects, such as parkinsonism, which manifests as tremors,
bradykinesia, loss of balance, mask-like facial expression, shuffling gait, and muscle
rigidity.
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