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CERSCentre for Ethnicity & Racism Studies
THINKING THRU’ ISLAMOPHOBIA
Symposium Papers
Organised by
S.Sayyid
Abdoolkarim Vakil
May 2008
Shezad Dawood, Nation of Islam (2004)
1
,Table of Contents
Introductory Note
Islamophobia: Europe's new McCarthyism
Liz Fekete 5
A Wolf in Sheep's Clothing: the neologism ‘Islamofascism’
Gabriele Marranci 8
Islamophobia and Capitalism
Amir Saeed 14
Dangerous Brown Men and the War on Terror
Gargi Bhattacharyya 18
State Islamophobia in France
Karima Laachir 23
Governing Muslims after 9/11
Yahya Birt 26
K.I.S.S. Islamophobia (keeping it simple and stupid)
Chris Allen 30
On conceptualising Islamophobia, anti-Muslim sentiment
and cultural racism
Nasar Meer and Tariq Modood 34
Is the Islam in Islamophobia the same as the Islam in Anti-Islam;
Or, When is it Islamophobia Time?
AbdoolKarim Vakil 40
The unbearable whiteness of seeing: moderated Muslims,
(in)/visibilities and Islamophobia
D Tyrer 48
Islamophobia and the Law
Samia Bano 54
Investigating Islamophobia within learning environments
Serena Hussain 59
Internal Consistency, Reliability and Construct Validity of the
Attitude Toward Muslim Proximity Index (AMPI):
A measure of social distance
Adrian Brockett, Andrew Village, Leslie J. Francis 64
Are Unicorns Muslim?
S. Sayyid 70
Talking Back Muslim. A Selected Bibliography on Islamophobia
compiled by A. Vakil 74
Notes on Contributors
2
,Thinking Thru’ Islamophobia
Introductory Note
Since the end of the Cold War, a series of 'moral panics' have swept over Western
plutocracies at the heart of which has been the figure of the Muslim. Contestations
about Western values such as freedom of expression, gender equality and national
belongings have been raised through interrogation of Muslim settlement in major
Western conurbations.
For many, these moral panics are reminder of growing Islamophobia; for others, they
are a testimony to real problems in Muslim communities and the talk of Islamophobia
is, at best, a distraction and, at worst, a form of cultural censorship under the cover of
which Muslim extremism and intolerance are allowed to go unchecked.
Those who see Islamophobia not as a polemical but analytical term are confronted by
the paucity of its current formulation. It is a concept that is neither consistently
defined, deployed, or understood. This lack of conceptual rigour and depth allows
Islamophobia to circulate widely but ineffectively. Like a buzzing fly, Islamophobia
seems to irritate without bringing any illumination. Policy and opinion makers often
resort to platitudes and clichés when Islamophobia is mentioned unable or unwilling
to see its analytical value as a tool for justice.
The aim of this workshop is to explore the analytical value of Islamophobia and its
limitations. To this end, we will address a number of key questions.
How was the phenomena that Islamophobia seeks to conceptualise dealt with
prior to the formation of the concept?
What is it that the category of Islamophobia brings to the table- is it useful and
if so why?
How would a consistent and clearer understanding of Islamophobia help?
How does Islamophobia relate to others of social exclusion?
What is the relationship between Islamophobia and racism?
Workshop presentations and discussion fall into three areas. Between them, it is
hoped contributors will cover the representative diversity of conceptual and empirical
contexts of Islamophobia, including Muslimistan:
Genealogies of Islamophobia explore the function that the category of
Islamophobia was recruited to perform, and examine the processes by which
Islamophobia entered public discourse.
Contributions on Morphologies of Islamophobia analyse Islamophobia's
relationship with racism and anti-Semitism in an effort to furnish a rigorous
understanding of the concept,
3
, Sociologies of Islamophobia address concrete instances of Islamophobia,
trends, monitoring institutions and instruments, and published reports and
policies.
The format adopted for the workshop is that of short presentations based on the draft
position papers included in this booklet and circulated to all registered participants in
advance of the meeting, followed by comments by fellow panellists and discussion
open to all workshop participants.
The Workshop has been divided into three sessions of 2 hours each. Each 10 minute
presentation will be followed by 5 minutes for individual discussion leaving 1 hours
for general discussion in each session. But general discussion at each of the sessions
will also draw upon and continue the conversations from previous sessions.
The papers in this booklet are draft papers and represent work in progress. are
not to be quoted without the express authorisation of their authors.
4
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