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BCM32 Samenvatting College 3
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BCM32 Samenvatting College 3
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BCM32Cristy Verzijl
College 3: citroenzuurcyclus, overdracht van electronen, oxidatieve
fosforylering, chemiosmose, regulatie
Mitochondrium
Waarschijnlijk ontstaan uit aërobe bacteriën
(symbiose)
Circulair DNA (4 moleculen per mito) en ribosomen
Codeert bij de mens voor 2 rRNA’s, 22 tRNA’s en 13
eiwitten
Mantel bestaat uit binnenmembraan (afkomstig van
symbiotische prokaryoot) en buitenmembraan
Buitenmembraan: doorlaatbaar voor kleine
moleculen (MM<5.000)
Binnenmembraan: doorlaatbaar voor O2, CO2 en
H2O, bevat: transporteiwitten, complexen van de
ademhalingsketen, ATP synthase en andere enzymen
In de matrix citroenzuurcyclus
Verbinding Glycolyse met Citroenzuurcyclus
Coenzym A: afgekort COA-SH
C2H12O6 + 6 O2 ↔ 6 CO2 + 6
H2O
Pyruvaat ↔ CO2 + Acetyl-COA
Vorming van Acetyl-CoA (1)
E1 = Pyruvaat dehydrogenase
E2 = Dihydrolipoyl transacetylase
E3 = Dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase
PDH complex
1
, Citroenzuurcyclus
(niet uit hoofd)
Citroenzuurcylcus versimpeld
Oxidatie/reductie reacties: overdracht
van electronen
1.
Direct als electronen 3.
Als hydride ion (H-): heeft 2
Fe2+ + Cu2+ ↔ Fe3+ + Cu+ electronen/1 H+
→ bij NAD+ gekoppelde
2.
Als waterstof atomen (bestaande dehydrogenasen
uit 1 proton (H+) en 1 electron
(e-)) 4.
Door directe combinatie met
AH2 ↔ A + 2e- + 2H+ zuurstof
R-CH3 + ½ O2 → R-CH2-OH
Electronentransport via eiwitcomplexen in mitochondriaal binnenmembraan
Van NADH op zuurstof in stapjes (minstens 10 redoxkoppels)
1
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