1) A 79-year-old man has been admitted with benign prostatic
hyperplasia. What is most appropriate to include in the nursing plan
of care?
a. Limit fluid intake to no more than 1000 mL/day.
b. Leave a light on in the bathroom during the night.
c. Ask the patient to use a urinal so that urine can be measured.
d. Pad the patient's bed to accommodate overflow incontinence.
ANS: B
The patient's age and diagnosis indicate a likelihood of nocturia, so leaving the light on in
the bathroom is appropriate. Fluids should be encouraged because dehydration is more
common in older patients.
2) A patient gives the nurse health information before a scheduled
intravenous pyelogram (IVP). Which item has the most immediate
implications for the patient's care?
a. The patient has not had food or drink for 8 hours.
b. The patient lists allergies to shellfish and penicillin.
c. The patient complains of costovertebral angle (CVA) tenderness.
d. The patient used a bisacodyl (Dulcolax) tablet the previous night.
ANS: B
Iodine-based contrast dye is used during IVP and for many computed tomography (CT)
scans. The nurse will need to notify the health care provider before the procedures so that
the patient can receive medications such as antihistamines or corticosteroids before the
procedures are started.
3) A patient passing bloody urine is scheduled for a cystoscopy with
cystogram. Which description of the procedure by the nurse is
accurate?
a. "Your doctor will place a catheter into an artery in your groin and
inject a dye that will visualize the blood supply to the kidneys."
b. "Your doctor will insert a lighted tube into the bladder, and little
catheters will be inserted through the tube into your kidney."
c. "Your doctor will insert a lighted tube into the bladder through
your urethra, inspect the bladder, and instill a dye that will outline
your bladder on x-ray."
, d. "Your doctor will inject a radioactive solution into a vein in your
arm and the distribution of the isotope in your kidneys and bladder
will be checked."
ANS: C
In a cystoscope and cystogram procedure, a cystoscope is inserted into the bladder for
direct visualization, and then contrast solution is injected through the scope so that x-rays
can be taken.
4) Which nursing action is essential for a patient immediately after
a renal biopsy?
a. Check blood glucose to assess for hyperglycemia or
hypoglycemia.
b. Insert a urinary catheter and test urine for gross or microscopic
hematuria.
c. Monitor the blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine to assess
renal function.
d. Apply a pressure dressing and keep the patient on the affected
side for 30 minutes.
ANS: D
A pressure dressing is applied and the patient is kept on the affected side for 30 to 60
minutes to put pressure on the biopsy side and decrease the risk for bleeding.
5) Which assessment of a 62-year-old patient who has just had an
intravenous pyelogram (IVP) requires immediate action by the
nurse?
a. The heart rate is 58 beats/minute.
b. The patient complains of a dry mouth.
c. The respiratory rate is 38 breaths/minute.
d. The urine output is 400 mL after 2 hours.
ANS: C
The increased respiratory rate indicates that the patient may be experiencing an allergic
reaction to the contrast medium used during the procedure. The nurse should immediately
assess the patient's oxygen saturation and breath sounds.
6) Which statement by a nurse to a patient newly diagnosed with
type 2 diabetes is correct?
a. Insulin is not used to control blood glucose in patients with type 2
hyperplasia. What is most appropriate to include in the nursing plan
of care?
a. Limit fluid intake to no more than 1000 mL/day.
b. Leave a light on in the bathroom during the night.
c. Ask the patient to use a urinal so that urine can be measured.
d. Pad the patient's bed to accommodate overflow incontinence.
ANS: B
The patient's age and diagnosis indicate a likelihood of nocturia, so leaving the light on in
the bathroom is appropriate. Fluids should be encouraged because dehydration is more
common in older patients.
2) A patient gives the nurse health information before a scheduled
intravenous pyelogram (IVP). Which item has the most immediate
implications for the patient's care?
a. The patient has not had food or drink for 8 hours.
b. The patient lists allergies to shellfish and penicillin.
c. The patient complains of costovertebral angle (CVA) tenderness.
d. The patient used a bisacodyl (Dulcolax) tablet the previous night.
ANS: B
Iodine-based contrast dye is used during IVP and for many computed tomography (CT)
scans. The nurse will need to notify the health care provider before the procedures so that
the patient can receive medications such as antihistamines or corticosteroids before the
procedures are started.
3) A patient passing bloody urine is scheduled for a cystoscopy with
cystogram. Which description of the procedure by the nurse is
accurate?
a. "Your doctor will place a catheter into an artery in your groin and
inject a dye that will visualize the blood supply to the kidneys."
b. "Your doctor will insert a lighted tube into the bladder, and little
catheters will be inserted through the tube into your kidney."
c. "Your doctor will insert a lighted tube into the bladder through
your urethra, inspect the bladder, and instill a dye that will outline
your bladder on x-ray."
, d. "Your doctor will inject a radioactive solution into a vein in your
arm and the distribution of the isotope in your kidneys and bladder
will be checked."
ANS: C
In a cystoscope and cystogram procedure, a cystoscope is inserted into the bladder for
direct visualization, and then contrast solution is injected through the scope so that x-rays
can be taken.
4) Which nursing action is essential for a patient immediately after
a renal biopsy?
a. Check blood glucose to assess for hyperglycemia or
hypoglycemia.
b. Insert a urinary catheter and test urine for gross or microscopic
hematuria.
c. Monitor the blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine to assess
renal function.
d. Apply a pressure dressing and keep the patient on the affected
side for 30 minutes.
ANS: D
A pressure dressing is applied and the patient is kept on the affected side for 30 to 60
minutes to put pressure on the biopsy side and decrease the risk for bleeding.
5) Which assessment of a 62-year-old patient who has just had an
intravenous pyelogram (IVP) requires immediate action by the
nurse?
a. The heart rate is 58 beats/minute.
b. The patient complains of a dry mouth.
c. The respiratory rate is 38 breaths/minute.
d. The urine output is 400 mL after 2 hours.
ANS: C
The increased respiratory rate indicates that the patient may be experiencing an allergic
reaction to the contrast medium used during the procedure. The nurse should immediately
assess the patient's oxygen saturation and breath sounds.
6) Which statement by a nurse to a patient newly diagnosed with
type 2 diabetes is correct?
a. Insulin is not used to control blood glucose in patients with type 2
