Caring for the Child with a Genitourinary Condition Chapter 31:
Fluid and Electrolyte Balance; Dehydration:
• Signs and symptoms- feeling tired, sunken fontanelles (infants), poor skin turgor,
lethargy, tachycardia, increased heart rate, dry mucus membranes (no tears, dry lips),
weight loss.
• Common causes- vomiting and diarrhea, diaphoresis and hemorrhaging, bacteria
infections.
• Treatment- fluids orally or IV
• Reliable indicator of fluid loss and recovery- Body weight is a reliable indicator of
fluid loss; stable weight is a reliable indicator of recovery/an indicator that the child is
doing better. Assess skin color. Pediatric patients are at greater risk for fluid loss and
electrolyte imbalance than adults because they have a higher percentage of total
body water. (look at slide 120)
• Infection Control- WASH HANDS/ teach parents to teach children
Immunological or Infectious Condition Chapter 25:
• Anaphylaxis – Most severe allergic reaction possible, egg peanuts, seafoods. S/S-
develop suddenly and need immediate attention, wheezing, tachycardia, hyphenation,
angioedema, facial edema, abdominal pain, sense of impending doom, cardiac arrest.
Treatment – open airway. Administer epinephrin.
Caring for the child in the hospital – Chapter 21
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