Deze samenvatting omvat alle lessen van thema's uit de orthopedagogiek: handicap en ontwikkelingsstoornissen. Ook zijn er overal bijkomende notities aan toegevoegd.
THEMA’S UIT DE
ORTHOPEDAGOGIEK
HANDICAP EN ONTWIKKELINGSSTOORNISSEN
HANNE BOONS
1STE MASTER
2021-2022
,Inhoud
1 Autismespectrumstoornis: kwaliteitsvolle diagnostiek en interventies...............................................7
1.1 ASS kenmerken.............................................................................................................................7
1.1.1 Problemen in sociale communicatie en sociale interactie.....................................................7
1.1.2 Beperkte, repetitieve patronen van gedrag, belangstelling, activiteiten...............................7
1.2 Diagnostiek...................................................................................................................................7
1.2.1 Onderkennende, classificerende diagnostiek van ASS...........................................................8
1.2.2 Verklarende en handelingsgerichte diagnostiek..................................................................14
1.2.3 Diagnostiek in Vlaanderen: Aanbevelingen Taskforce Autisme, 2016.................................17
1.2.4 Van diagnostiek naar interventies.......................................................................................17
2 Communicatie bij mensen met verstandelijke beperking en/of autisme..........................................21
2.1 Waarom aandacht voor communicatie?.....................................................................................21
2.2 Een bijzondere doelgroep...........................................................................................................21
2.3 Ontwikkeling van communicatie.................................................................................................21
2.3.1 Intentionaliteit.....................................................................................................................22
2.3.2 Symboolvorming..................................................................................................................22
2.4 Communicatiemodel (Verpoorten, 1996)...................................................................................23
2.5 Functies van communicatie........................................................................................................23
2.5.1 Gedragsregulatie..................................................................................................................23
2.5.2 Sociale interactie.................................................................................................................23
2.5.3 Gedeelde aandacht..............................................................................................................23
2.6 Vormen van communicatie.........................................................................................................24
2.7 Niveaus van betekenisverlening.................................................................................................24
2.7.1 Sensatieniveau.....................................................................................................................24
2.7.2 Presentatieniveau................................................................................................................24
2.7.3 Representatieniveau............................................................................................................24
2.7.4 Metarepresentatieniveau....................................................................................................25
2.8 Ondersteuning op maat..............................................................................................................25
2.8.1 Ondersteunende communicatie (OC)..................................................................................26
3 Autismespectrumstoornis: neurodiversiteit......................................................................................31
3.1 Uitgangspunt: wat is autisme.....................................................................................................31
3.2 Terminologie en definities..........................................................................................................31
3.2.1 Neurodiversiteit...................................................................................................................31
3.2.2 Neurodiversiteitsparadigma................................................................................................31
3.2.3 Neurodiversiteitsbeweging..................................................................................................32
1
, 3.2.4 Neurotypisch – neurodivergent...........................................................................................32
3.2.5 Intersectionaliteit................................................................................................................32
3.3 Neurodiversiteit in diagnostiek en interventies..........................................................................32
3.3.1 Kritische vragen...................................................................................................................32
3.3.2 Aan de slag...........................................................................................................................33
4 Analyse en aanpak van probleemgedrag bij mensen met verstandelijke en meervoudige
beperkingen.........................................................................................................................................35
4.1 Definitie en prevalentie..............................................................................................................35
4.1.1 Probleemgedrag..................................................................................................................35
4.1.2 Zelfverwondend gedrag.......................................................................................................35
4.1.3 Agressief/destructief gedrag................................................................................................36
4.1.4 Stereotiep/repetitief gedrag................................................................................................36
4.1.5 Ander probleemgedrag........................................................................................................36
4.1.6 Gevolgen probleemgedrag..................................................................................................36
4.1.7 Multifactoriële analyse van probleemgedrag......................................................................37
4.2 Analysekader + casus..................................................................................................................38
4.2.1 Gedrags- en emotionele problemen....................................................................................38
4.3 Interventies + casus....................................................................................................................53
4.3.1 Beeldvorming Luuk..............................................................................................................53
4.3.2 Beeldvorming Carla..............................................................................................................56
4.4 Multifactoriële analyse van probleemgedrag.............................................................................59
4.5 Interventies.................................................................................................................................60
4.5.1 Meta-analyse (groepsstudies)..............................................................................................60
4.5.2 Meta-analyse (single case studies)......................................................................................60
4.5.3 Medicatie.............................................................................................................................60
4.5.4 Gedragstherapeutische interventies....................................................................................61
4.5.5 Omgevingsgerichte interventies..........................................................................................61
4.5.6 Individugerichte interventies...............................................................................................63
4.5.7 Probleemgedrag: interventies.............................................................................................64
4.6 Casus Luuk – interventies...........................................................................................................64
4.7 Casus Carla..................................................................................................................................65
4.8 Voorbeelden examenvragen.......................................................................................................65
5 Sociale netwerken en sociale inclusie................................................................................................66
5.1 Wat?...........................................................................................................................................66
5.2 Belang sociale netwerken/inclusie.............................................................................................66
5.2.1 Vanuit personen met een beperking...................................................................................66
2
, 5.2.2 Kwaliteit en beleving............................................................................................................68
5.3 Beïnvloedende factoren van sociale netwerken en sociale inclusie...........................................69
5.4 Analyse en beeldvorming...........................................................................................................70
5.4.1 Analyse van netwerk: WAT..................................................................................................70
5.5 Analyse van netwerk: HOE..........................................................................................................70
5.5.1 Breder (onverwacht) netwerk (LUS)....................................................................................71
5.5.2 Inclusietoets.........................................................................................................................72
5.5.3 Dynamische persoonlijke netwerkverhalen.........................................................................72
5.6 Interventie..................................................................................................................................74
5.6.1 Interventies niveau inclusie.................................................................................................74
5.6.2 Interventies niveau sociale netwerkvorming.......................................................................75
5.6.3 Visie begeleiders (bevraging SPOND vzw)............................................................................77
5.6.4 Zijn de genoemde interventies en benaderingen effectief?................................................77
6 Persoons- en gezinsgericht werken bij mensen met een beperking..................................................78
6.1 Individu: kwaliteit van leven.......................................................................................................78
6.1.1 Quality of life – kwaliteit van leven......................................................................................78
6.1.2 Basisprincipes bij conceptualisering....................................................................................79
6.2 Persoonsgerichte planningsmethodieken...................................................................................81
6.2.1 Doelstellingen......................................................................................................................81
6.2.2 Diverse methodieken...........................................................................................................81
6.2.3 Kernprincipes van methoden...............................................................................................82
6.2.4 Procesverloop......................................................................................................................82
6.3 Review Ratti et al. (2016)............................................................................................................82
6.3.1 Verklaringen?.......................................................................................................................83
6.4 Samenleving: inclusie en volwaardig burgerschap.....................................................................83
6.4.1 Bredere context...................................................................................................................84
6.4.2 Kerncomponenten...............................................................................................................84
6.4.3 Basisprincipes bij conceptualisering....................................................................................84
7 Gezinsgericht werken........................................................................................................................85
7.1 Gezin: gezinskwaliteit van leven.................................................................................................85
7.2 Family Quality of Life – Kwaliteit van het Gezinsleven................................................................85
7.3 Basisprincipes bij conceptualisering...........................................................................................86
7.4 Gezinsgericht werken: principes.................................................................................................86
7.5 Gezinsgericht werken.................................................................................................................87
7.5.1 Interventie...........................................................................................................................89
7.5.2 Resultaten MM case studies................................................................................................89
3
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller hanneboons1. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $9.08. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
