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Samenvatting Stralingsdeskundigheid alles P1 & P2! $8.89   Add to cart

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Samenvatting Stralingsdeskundigheid alles P1 & P2!

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Alles wat je nodig hebt voor je stralingsdeskundigheid tentamen van het eerste half jaar. Uitleg uit zelfstudies, colleges, weblectures en lessen samengevat. Bijbehorende formules van eenheden en definities.

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  • May 30, 2022
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  • 2021/2022
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Samenvatting
Stralingsdeskundigheid
Periode 1 en 2


Periode 1
Atoom = deeltje met kern, elektronen, protonen en neutronen
->> protonen = p+, lading 1, massa 1u = atoomnummer
neutronen = n, lading 0, massa 1u
elektronenwolk = e-, lading -1, geen massa
 Metastabiel atoom heeft iets meer energie, minder stabiel dan ‘gewone’ atoom

Voorbeeld relatieve atoommassa berekenen metastabiele atomen:
79Br= 50,69%, 81Br= 49,31%
0,5069x79 + 0,4931x81 = 79,96u

isotopen = atomen gelijk aantal protonen (p)
isobaren = atomen gelijk aantal kerndeeltjes (p+n)
isotonen = atomen gelijk aantal neutronen (n)
isomeren = zelfde atoom, andere energie in kern

Atoommodel van Bohr:
Bezetting per schil: K= 2, L= 8, M= 18, N=32

 Foton komt in schil, geeft energie aan elektron,
die gaat naar hogere schil
 Elektron raakt energie kwijt, gaat schil terug,
foton komt uit atoom
 Elektronen kunnen in andere schil komen door
energie op te nemen of af te geven

 Hoe dichter bij kern, hoe lager (negatief) lading
(eV) van elektronen in schil
 Energieverschil (ΔE) is lading in eV van foton dat
naar buiten gaat

Voorvoegsels:
Tera T 10^12 Milli m 10^-3
Giga G 10^9 Micro µ 10^-6
Mega M 10^6 Nano n 10^-9
Kilo k 10^3 Pico p 10^-12

Straling:
 Onder te verdelen in fysische eigenschappen, ontstaanswijze en (in)direct ioniserend of niet

Fysische eigenschappen:
- Deeltjesstraling = heeft massa met lading en voldoende energie om te ioniseren
->> alfa, bèta, elektronen, zijn geladen

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