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Changing spaces making places - OCR Paper
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Detailed notes on changing spaces, making places for paper 2 OCR a level geography. All the content which you need for your exams.
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Changing Spaces,Making places
,NOT IN AI
Space & Place
Space = location and distribution and is affected by location and function
Place = made up from place characteristics
INTERCONNECTIONS: between space, influences place
Lower population density
Suburbanisation
- Population shift from central urban areas into suburbs, resulting in (sub)urban sprawl - emerged on a large scale (19th+20th)
Improved road and rail =
connectivity
Post war - centre
bombed
Lower population density
WHY?
Pollution - wanted to
rebuild away from
factories Middle houses = older,
INFILL HOUSING -
development
Post war suburbanisation
- Rapid migration of rural poor to industrialised cities (late 18th century)
- Middle classes purchased estates + villas on outskirts
- Bomb damage + socio economic reform (Beveridge report) = suburbanisation and ‘garden’ cities
- 4 million new suburban houses (suburban revolution) England = most urbanised country in the world
- Increasing wealth + population + aspiration = social housing + semi-detached homes built with parades
- AUTHORITY built housing as political will as homes were bombed post war + people fought for the country (repayment)=
prevent further deprivation
, Bid Rent Theory
Due to spatial variation in economic activity
- Competition for best land
- Leads to zoned areas
ASSUMES: CBD is the best location for economic activity as:
- Nodal point for transport
- Easy access
- Agglomerations and functional grouping have similar types of econ activity together
EXPLAINS: secondary land value (Croydon) = peak land value where secondary transport nodes push up
price
COMMERCE = central (transport, connectivity customers) = BIG SPHERE OF INFLUENCE = generate
income = can afford to pay rent
Metropolitan centres - serve local areas, threshold range, smaller SOI, connectivity
Myrdal model of cumulative causation - multiplier
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