Summary

Samenvatting Afwerkingstechnieken

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Course
Afwerkingstechnieken

Institution
Hogeschool Gent (HoGent)

Dit is een samenvatting over het vak afwerkingstechnieken. Het bestaat uit ongeveer 40 pagina's. Elke PowerPoint die gekend moest worden voor het examen in het jaar is samengevat, enkel PowerPoint 3 over het schuren niet.

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Uploaded on June 18, 2022
Number of pages 42
Written in 2021/2022
Type Summary

afwerkingstechnieken
houttechnologie
examen
hogent
samenvatting

Institution
Hogeschool Gent (HoGent)
Education
Houttechnologie
Course
Afwerkingstechnieken

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1. Presentatie 01 _ Inleiding en algemeenheden: ................................................................................................. 7
1.1. Factoren en kennis om kwaliteitsvol af te werken: ................................................................................... 7
1.2. Economische factoren of redenen: ............................................................................................................ 7
1.3. Waarom gaan we afwerken? (doelstellingen): .......................................................................................... 7
1.4. Waar afwerkingen toepassen?: ................................................................................................................. 7
1.4.1. Exterieur: ............................................................................................................................................ 7
1.4.2. Interieur: ............................................................................................................................................ 7
1.5. Handelingen bij het afwerken: ................................................................................................................... 8
1.5.1. Schuren: ............................................................................................................................................. 8
1.5.2. Borstelen: ........................................................................................................................................... 8
1.5.3. Zandstralen: ....................................................................................................................................... 8
1.5.4. Voorbehandelen: ............................................................................................................................... 8
1.5.5. Afwerken: ........................................................................................................................................... 8
1.6. Afwerkingen indelen: ................................................................................................................................. 8
1.6.1. Volgens laagopbouw: ......................................................................................................................... 8
1.6.2. Volgens uitzicht: ................................................................................................................................. 9
1.6.3. Volgens aanmaak: ............................................................................................................................10
1.6.4. Volgens gebruikte grondstoffen: .....................................................................................................10
1.6.5. Volgens applicatiemethode: ............................................................................................................10
1.6.6. Volgens uitharding of droging: .........................................................................................................10
1.7. Begrippen: ................................................................................................................................................11
1.7.1. Lazuren en lakken: ...........................................................................................................................12
1.7.1.1. Lazuren: ....................................................................................................................................12
1.7.1.2. Lakken: .....................................................................................................................................12
1.8. Applicatiemethoden: ...............................................................................................................................13
1.8.1. Borstel of kwast:...............................................................................................................................13
1.8.2. Rollen: ..............................................................................................................................................14
1.8.3. Conventioneel spuiten: ....................................................................................................................14
1.8.4. Airless spuiten: .................................................................................................................................15
1.8.5. Airmix spuiten: .................................................................................................................................15
1.8.6. Elektrostatisch spuiten: ....................................................................................................................16
1.8.7. 2K spuiten: .......................................................................................................................................16
2. Presentatie 02 _ Omgeving: .............................................................................................................................17
2.1. Natlakken of vernevelen: systemen:........................................................................................................17
2.2. PBM’s & CBM’s: soorten, gebruik, aanbeveling.......................................................................................17
2.2.1. PBM’s ...............................................................................................................................................17
2.2.2. CBM’s ...............................................................................................................................................18
2.3. Soorten spuitwanden en spuitcabines .....................................................................................................18

, 2.3.1. Droge spuitwand: .............................................................................................................................18
2.3.1.1. Andreas filter (papierfilter): .....................................................................................................18
2.3.1.2. Paintstopfilter: .........................................................................................................................18
2.3.1.3. Idrizzi filtersysteem: .................................................................................................................19
2.3.2. Natte spuitwand:..............................................................................................................................19
2.3.3. Open cabine’s:..................................................................................................................................19
2.3.4. Gesloten cabine’s: ............................................................................................................................19
2.3.4.1. Ventilatie: .................................................................................................................................20
2.3.4.2. Controles (Checklist): ...............................................................................................................20
2.4. Bijkomende ruimtes bij de afwerking: .....................................................................................................20
2.4.1. Opslag:..............................................................................................................................................20
2.4.2. Bereiding (benodigdheden, gebruik): ..............................................................................................20
2.4.2.1. Controle:...................................................................................................................................20
2.4.2.2. Mengverhouding: .....................................................................................................................21
2.4.3. Reiniging (benodigdheden, gebruik) ................................................................................................21
2.4.3.1. Wasinstallatie met pistool: ......................................................................................................21
2.4.3.2. Wasinstallatie ultrasoon: .........................................................................................................21
2.4.4. Spuiten: ............................................................................................................................................21
2.5. Omgevingsomstandigheden (klimaat) .....................................................................................................21
2.5.1. Controle, bijsturen, invloeden van temp, RLV & EVG ......................................................................21
3. Presentatie 03_Voorbereiding schuren: ..........................................................................................................22
3.1. Waarom schuren? Onderscheid wat en wanneer en waarmee? ............................................................22
3.2. Schuurtechnieken: aanbeveling ...............................................................................................................22
3.3. Aanbod schuurmiddelen ..........................................................................................................................22
3.3.1. Eigenschappen/gebruik of toepassing .............................................................................................22
3.3.2. Principe opbouw van het schuurmiddel (schets + uitleg) ................................................................22
3.3.3. Voorbeelden kunnen geven .............................................................................................................22
3.3.4. Voor- en nadelen kennen bij de verschillende schuurmiddelen ....................................................22
3.4. Handschuurmachine: ...............................................................................................................................22
3.4.1. Soorten met hun schuurpatroon .....................................................................................................22
4. Presentatie 04_Kleuren – Beitsen – Bleken: ....................................................................................................23
4.1. Kleuren of beitsen: ...................................................................................................................................23
4.1.1. Beitsen:.............................................................................................................................................23
4.1.2. Kleuren: ............................................................................................................................................24
4.1.2.1. Kleurstoffen:.............................................................................................................................24
4.1.2.2. Pigmenten: ...............................................................................................................................24
4.1.2.3. Methode’s: ...............................................................................................................................24
4.1.3. Soorten beitsen en kleuren: .............................................................................................................25

, 4.2. Bleken van hout: ......................................................................................................................................25
4.3. Inhoudstoffen van hout: ..........................................................................................................................26
5. Presentatie 05_Afwerkingsproducten en applicatietechnieken:.....................................................................27
5.1. Politoeren van hout: ................................................................................................................................27
5.2. Boenwassen: ............................................................................................................................................27
5.3. Olie en hardwaxolie: ................................................................................................................................27
5.3.1. Olie: ..................................................................................................................................................27
5.3.2. Hardwaxolie: ....................................................................................................................................28
5.3.3. Werkwijze:........................................................................................................................................28
5.4. Zepen: ......................................................................................................................................................28
5.4.1. WOCA systeem:................................................................................................................................28
5.5. Vernissen:.................................................................................................................................................29
5.6. Polijsten en hoogglans: ............................................................................................................................29
5.7. Borstelen: .................................................................................................................................................29
5.8. Luchtgommen of zandstralen: .................................................................................................................30
5.9. Ceruseren: ................................................................................................................................................30
5.10. Patineren: .............................................................................................................................................30
5.10.1. Handpatineren: ................................................................................................................................30
5.10.2. Spuitpatina: ......................................................................................................................................30
6. Presentatie 06_Drogen of uitharden van afwerkingsproducten: ....................................................................31
6.1. Fases in het droogproces: ........................................................................................................................31
6.2. Fysisch drogen:.........................................................................................................................................31
6.2.1. Invloeden: ........................................................................................................................................31
6.2.1.1. Temperatuur: ...........................................................................................................................31
6.2.1.2. Condensatie: ............................................................................................................................31
6.2.1.3. Luchtverversing - ventilatie: .....................................................................................................31
6.2.2. Hulpmiddelen: ..................................................................................................................................32
6.2.2.1. Verwarming: .............................................................................................................................32
6.2.2.2. Ventilatoren: ............................................................................................................................32
6.2.2.3. Luchtdrogers (condensatiedrogers: .........................................................................................32
6.2.2.4. Meetinstrumenten: ..................................................................................................................32
6.2.2.5. Droogtunnels:...........................................................................................................................32
6.2.2.6. Droogkamers: ...........................................................................................................................33
6.2.3. IR droging: ........................................................................................................................................33
6.3. Chemische uitharding: .............................................................................................................................33
6.3.1. EB uitharding: ...................................................................................................................................33
6.3.2. UV uitharding: ..................................................................................................................................33
7. Bijlag 6a_Versneld drogen van lak: ..................................................................................................................34

, 7.1. Geforceerd drogen: ..................................................................................................................................34
7.2. Hoe werkt droging?:.................................................................................................................................34
7.3. Droogtechnieken:.....................................................................................................................................34
7.4. Energiebesparende maatregelen: ............................................................................................................34
8. Presentatie 07_Afwerken van parket: .............................................................................................................35
8.1. Verschillende soorten parket: ..................................................................................................................35
8.2. Afwerking voor plaatsing: ........................................................................................................................35
8.3. Afwerking na plaatsing:............................................................................................................................35
8.3.1. Plaatsing: ..........................................................................................................................................35
8.3.2. Schrapen: .........................................................................................................................................35
8.3.3. Schuren: ...........................................................................................................................................35
8.3.4. Opstoppen:.......................................................................................................................................35
8.3.5. Soorten afwerkingen: .......................................................................................................................35
9. Bijlage 08_Schuren van diktekanten: ...............................................................................................................36
9.1. Vaste schuurmachines: ............................................................................................................................36
9.2. Mobiele schuurmachines: ........................................................................................................................36
10. Bijlage 09_Lakken van MDF: ........................................................................................................................37
10.1. Automatisering:....................................................................................................................................37
10.1.1. Waarom automatiseren: ..................................................................................................................37
10.1.2. Constante kwaliteit aan een hoger rendement: ..............................................................................37
10.1.3. Snelheid:...........................................................................................................................................37
10.2. 2D installatie met vlakke doorloopband: .............................................................................................37
10.2.1. Werking: ...........................................................................................................................................37
10.2.2. Spuitpistolen: ...................................................................................................................................37
10.2.3. Ontstoffingsunit: ..............................................................................................................................37
10.2.4. Overspray recupereren via rakel:.....................................................................................................37
10.3. Vlakke rollercoater: ..............................................................................................................................38
10.4. Curtain coater: .....................................................................................................................................38
10.5. 3D spuitinstallatie: ...............................................................................................................................38
10.6. Poederlakken van MDF: .......................................................................................................................38
10.6.1. Voordelen:........................................................................................................................................38
10.6.2. Nadelen: ...........................................................................................................................................38
11. Bijlage 12_Lakfouten:...................................................................................................................................39
11.1. Opwerken: ............................................................................................................................................39
11.1.1. Omschrijving: ...................................................................................................................................39
11.1.2. Oorzaken: .........................................................................................................................................39
11.1.3. Preventie: .........................................................................................................................................39
11.1.4. Herstel: .............................................................................................................................................39

,11.2. Wegzakken: ..........................................................................................................................................39
1.1.1. Omschrijving: ...................................................................................................................................39
1.1.2. Oorzaken: .........................................................................................................................................39
11.2.1. Preventie: .........................................................................................................................................39
1.1.3. Herstel: .............................................................................................................................................39
11.3. Blaasvorming: .......................................................................................................................................39
11.3.1. Omschrijving: ...................................................................................................................................39
11.3.2. Oorzaken: .........................................................................................................................................39
11.3.3. Preventie: .........................................................................................................................................39
11.3.4. Herstel: .............................................................................................................................................39
11.4. Doorbloeden: .......................................................................................................................................40
11.4.1. Omschrijving: ...................................................................................................................................40
11.4.2. Oorzaken: .........................................................................................................................................40
11.4.3. Herstel: .............................................................................................................................................40
11.5. Vlekkenvorming: ..................................................................................................................................40
11.5.1. Omschrijving: ...................................................................................................................................40
11.5.2. Oorzaken: .........................................................................................................................................40
11.5.3. Preventie: .........................................................................................................................................40
11.5.4. Herstel: .............................................................................................................................................40
11.6. Industriestof: ........................................................................................................................................40
11.6.1. Omschrijving: ...................................................................................................................................40
11.6.2. Oorzaken: .........................................................................................................................................40
11.6.3. Preventie: .........................................................................................................................................40
11.6.4. Herstel: .............................................................................................................................................40
11.7. Vermatting: ..........................................................................................................................................41
11.7.1. Omschrijving: ...................................................................................................................................41
11.7.2. Oorzaken: .........................................................................................................................................41
11.7.3. Preventie: .........................................................................................................................................41
11.7.4. Herstel: .............................................................................................................................................41
11.8. Onthechting: ........................................................................................................................................41
11.8.1. Omschrijving: ...................................................................................................................................41
11.8.2. Oorzaken: .........................................................................................................................................41
11.8.3. Herstel: .............................................................................................................................................41
11.9. Kookblaasjes:........................................................................................................................................41
11.9.1. Omschrijving: ...................................................................................................................................41
11.9.2. Oorzaken: .........................................................................................................................................41
11.9.3. Herstel: .............................................................................................................................................41
11.10. Pineholes: .............................................................................................................................................41

, 11.10.1. Omschrijving: ...............................................................................................................................41
11.10.2. Herstel: .........................................................................................................................................41
11.11. Kratervorming: .....................................................................................................................................42
11.11.1. Omschrijving: ...............................................................................................................................42
11.11.2. Oorzaken: .....................................................................................................................................42
11.11.3. Herstel: .........................................................................................................................................42
11.12. Krassen door wasborstel: .....................................................................................................................42
11.12.1. Omschrijving: ...............................................................................................................................42
11.12.2. Oorzaken: .....................................................................................................................................42
11.12.3. Herstel: .........................................................................................................................................42
11.13. Poetsvlekken: .......................................................................................................................................42
11.13.1. Omschrijving: ...............................................................................................................................42
11.13.2. Oorzaken: .....................................................................................................................................42
11.13.3. Herstel: .........................................................................................................................................42

,1. Presentatie 01 _ Inleiding en algemeenheden:
1.1. Factoren en kennis om kwaliteitsvol af te werken:
• Afwerkingsproducten (productkennis)
• Af te werken materiaal (ondergrond)
• Eindresultaat (applicatiemethode & laagopbouw)
• Omgevingsfactoren & invloedenonderhoud

1.2. Economische factoren of redenen:
• Rendement
• Economisch haalbaar
• Prijs/kwaliteit:
o Betere afwerking zorgt voor stijging van prijs

1.3. Waarom gaan we afwerken? (doelstellingen):
• Levensduur verlengen en het hout beschermen:
o natuurlijke duurzaamheid verbeteren
• Uit esthetisch oogpunt, verfraaien, uitzicht:
o ander tint, glansgraad, duurder laten lijken
• Beschermen tegen mechanische invloeden:
o slijtage, zand & winderosie,...
• Beschermen tegen fysische invloeden:
o luchtvochtigheid, temperatuur, UV-licht,...
• Beschermen tegen chemische invloeden:
o zure regen, zweet, huishoud chemicaliën,...

1.4. Waar afwerkingen toepassen?:
1.4.1. Exterieur:
• Buitenschrijnwerk, tuinhout, houten gebouwen

1.4.2. Interieur:
• Trappen, vloeren, binnenschrijnwerk, meubelen (keuken, badkamer)

, 1.5. Handelingen bij het afwerken:
1.5.1. Schuren:
• Zorgt ervoor dat het afwerkingsproduct beter hecht aan het opp.

1.5.2. Borstelen:
• Zorgt voor een grovere structuur in het hout

1.5.3. Zandstralen:
• Zorgt voor een grovere structuur in het hout

1.5.4. Voorbehandelen:
• Kleuren:
o Tint geven aan het hout
• Beitsen:
o Kleur wijzigen door chemische reactie
• Bleken:
o Tint verbleken

1.5.5. Afwerken:
• Oliën
• Boenen, waxen of hardwax
• Zepen (verzepen)
• Vernissen/blanke lak
• Kleurlakken

1.6. Afwerkingen indelen:
1.6.1. Volgens laagopbouw:
• Isoleer laag: egaliseren zuigkracht
• Grondlaag, vulgrond
• Tussenlaag -tussenlak
• Aflak
• Toplaag
• Universeel (3 in 1 of 1 potsysteem)

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