1. A 60-year-old woman presents with a chief complaint of uncomfortable
breathing on exertion. She has had a minimally productive cough for
several years that does not bother her. On further questioning, she states
that her breathing gets much worse when she lies down. The most likely
cause of her dyspnea is:
Cardiac
2. A 68-year-old male presents with a chief complaint of episodes of
lightheadedness or dizziness. He states that sweating, tachycardia, and
some hand trembling are often associated with these episodes. Which
one of the following questions should you ask to help confirm the
diagnosis?
Are these symptoms related to eating?
3. A 68-year-old male presents with a chief complaint of episodic dizziness.
Although not dizzy at present, he states that he has noted onset of dizzy
episodes when he rolls over in bed and occasionally when he turns his
head rapidly. Episodes last about 3 minutes. The most likely diagnosis is:
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