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Unit 28 HR P2 M2
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P2: Describe how a public service organisations motivational practices and rewards systems are informed by theories of motivation.
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James Llewellyn 10219990P2: Describe how a public service organisations motivational practices and rewards systems
are informed by theories of motivation.
What is motivation?
Motivation is the process of how people are committed to doing better and to keep on going. motivation can
be seen through various things such as end goals or set targets which would enable the person to perform
better. People are motivated for varied reasons such as some want to achieve things to make their family
proud, or teachers, friends, or someone whom you may have lost before. some people who are motivated do
it for themselves as they set targets for themselves to reach.
Frederick Winslow Taylor - Theory of scientific management
Fredrick Winslow Taylor was a mechanical engineer who sought to improve industrial efficiency in the USA, he
was born and died in Philadelphia at the age of 59. His theory of scientific management stated that workers do
not enjoy their jobs and so they should be closely supervised and should be piece paid which means that they
should be paid for how much items they make and not how long they are there. The main features of Taylors
theory were that you got paid for how much you did within that job role compared to how long you stayed
there for and how long you worked. Within some roles of the public services this does not work as it is unfair
and not sufficient.
This is the opposite of the police, because in the police you are contacted for 40 hours a week and can-
do overtime if you wish or are asked. This can mean that no matter how hard they work or must deal
with the police will always get paid the same. This could be unjustified and may leave people without
enough money to look after themselves if they do not get enough arrests as if someone else didn’t get
them, they would get paid less. Therefore, Taylor's theory wouldn’t be effective within the police.
Another example as why this theory does not work in practice in the police is because police officers
do enjoy their jobs, you would have to enjoy being a police officer or you would not do it as it is a
mentally challenging job and the pay is good but not ridiculously high, therefore you would have to
enjoy the job to do it. This can be linked to motivation by demotivating the police officers within their
job as being a police officer is challenging.
The only part of the theory that works in the police is that they are given the right tools and the right
training, police officers are trained rigorously for every situation and have police cars, handcuffs, and
body armor to perform their job to a high standard. This will encourage motivation as they will be
using the correct tools and equipment within the role of the police officer to ensure they understand
the way to use them.
Elton Mayo - The human relation school of thought
, Elton Mayo was born in Adelaid in 1880 and died in London in 1949 he was an industrial engineer,
psychologist, and behavioral theorist. Mayo's theory stated that managers should be more interested in the
workers on a personal level and treat them with more respect and dignity. He also theorized that workers
enjoy socializing with other workers, and this could increase production of workers. The key features of
Mayo’s theory were to promote social relations and the environmental conditions of the workplace. He also
believed that he would treat the workers as ‘unique individuals’ rather than mindless machines as this gave
the workplace personality.
I believe that theory does indeed operate successfully in the police force, one example of this is being
doubled crewed on response, this means that you work closely with another officer so that you can
develop a personal and friendly relationship, so you can rely on each over in an emergency and whilst
dealing with incidents. This can also allow officers and other services to work together to share
information to solve the case about what exactly happened.
Another example of how this operates in the police are the staff associations like the blue light care,
police staff association and the police mental health association, these bring officers together on a
personal level and can allow them to socialise with other officers who may be going through some of
the same difficulties. This will encourage motivation as the services can all have the same experiences
when talking about traumatic events.
A third example of how this theory is implemented in the police is the sergeant ride along programme,
which put police sergeants on the frontline with officers so that they can still get a taste of what it is
like to be an officer and not a sergeant and, they have a chance to communicate with police officers
whilst responding to incidents so that they can develop a bond and get to know each over and treat
each over with respect. This will encourage motivation within the workplace as the standard officers
will be able to use the sergeants experience to gain a better understanding of how to approach
incidents.
Abraham Maslow - Hierarchy of need
Abraham Maslow was born in 1908 in New York and died in 1970 in California, he was a psychologist and was
most famous for his hierarchy of needs theory. Maslow's theory of needs is a 5 tiers pyramid of needs, where
you must achieve the most basic lower needs to achieve the highest need of self-actualisation. These tiers
included self-actualization, esteem, Love and belonging, safety needs and physiological needs. These tiers
introduced the most fundamental needs for people within a working environment using this theory.
In the police the first tier of needs can be met, these are basic physical needs as the police provide staff
rooms and toilets for police staff so that they can have breaks, eat, drink, and use the toilet. This will
increase motivation within a public service environment as they will have basic rights met where they
can use the toilet and meet food requirements for the public service workers.
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