NSG 533 advanced pharm exam 2 2022
with complete solution/Advanced
Pharmacology Final Exam
Review(100% Verified)
Which respiratory drugs cause a bronchodilation effect? Correct answer-
Combivent
Atrovent
Theophylline
Spiriva
Levalbuterol
Isoproterenol
Epinephrine
Albuterol
Which respiratory drugs cause an antiinflammatory effect? Correct answer-
Pulmicort
Advair
Singulair
Symbicort
Flovent
Cromolyn
Which drugs are used for an acute asthma attack? Correct answer-
Levalbuterol
Albuterol
Isoproterenol
IV isoproterenol
IV theophylline
IV epinephrine
IV beclomethasone
IV dexamethasone
IV prednisone
Which drugs are used for prophylaxis of asthma exacerbations and
maintenance of asthma symptoms? Correct answer- Pulmicort
Advair
Spiriva
Which alpha and beta 2 agonists are used for respiratory disorders? Correct
answer- Albuterol.
Isoproterenol.
Levalbuterol.
Which anticholinergics are used for respiratory disorders? Correct answer-
Atrovent.
Spiriva.
Which methylxanthines are used for respiratory disorders? Correct answer-
Theophylline.
Which leukotriene receptor modifiers are used for respiratory disorders?
Correct answer- Singulair
Which glucocorticoids are used for respiratory disorders? Correct answer-
Beclomethasone.
Dexamethasone.
Prednisone.
Which glucocorticoids are used in combination with LABAs for respiratory
disorders? Correct answer- Advair.
Pulmicort.
Symbicort.
Flovent.
What are the disorders that cause COPD? Correct answer- Asthma.
Chronic bronchitis.
Emphysema.
Bronchiectasis.
What is bronchiectasis? Correct answer- An abnormal stretching and
widening of the lung airway, caused by mucus blocking which allows bacteria
to build up and can lead to an infection.
What unusual occurrence can also cause COPD later in life? Correct answer-
Aspiration of a small toy or a peanut as a child.
,What are the external environmental triggers that can cause as asthma
attack? Correct answer- Work.
Exercise.
Temperature changes.
Air pressure changes.
Humidity.
What are the internal environmental triggers that can cause an asthma
attack? Correct answer- Emotions.
Stress.
Which type of pollutants can cause an asthma attack? Correct answer-
Smoke.
Air pollution.
Perfumes.
Which type of allergic substances can most often cause an asthma attack?
Correct answer- Dust mites.
Mold.
Food.
Animal Dander.
Pollen.
Which type of drugs can cause an asthma exacerbation? Correct answer-
Aspirin.
NSAIDs.
Why do we closely monitor a patient who was given epi for an asthma
attack? Correct answer- Because it stimulates response from not only beta 2
receptors, but also alpha 1 and beta 1 receptors which have effects on the
heart.
What side effects can epi cause on an asthma patient outside of
bronchodilation? Correct answer- Palpitation.
Dizziness.
Nervousness.
Tremors.
Hypertension.
Dysrhythmias.
Tachycardia.
What response does activation of beta 2 receptors cause in the body in
relation to the respiratory tract? Correct answer- Bronchodilation.
Decreased spasm activity.
Suppress histamine release.
Increase cilliary motility.
, Describe SABAs. Correct answer- Short Acting Beta2 Agonists. They are
generally inhaled drugs and used for acute asthma attacks.
Describe LABAs. Correct answer- Long Acting Beta2 Agonists. They can be
either inhaled or taken orally and are used for long term therapy, NOT acute
attacks.
What do we want to check often with a diabetic taking a beta 2 agonist drug
for asthma relief/maintenance and why? Correct answer- Finger Stick blood
sugar because activation of the beta 2 receptors can cause an increase in
blood sugar. (stimulates liver to start glycogenolysis, which breaks glycogen
down to glucose)
What is important to educate our patients on in regards to side effects with
beta 2 agonist drugs for respiratory disorders? Correct answer- Educate
patients that side effects will usually diminish after a week or so.
Is tolerance something we need to worry about with beta 2 agonists for
respiratory disorders and why? Correct answer- Yes because with long term
therapy tolerance can occur, so we may need to increase the dosing.
What are general adverse effects of inhaled SABA medications? Correct
answer- These are generally well tolerated, but can have systemic effects
such as tachycardia, angina, and tremors. (These are usually minimum and
decrease over time)
What are general adverse effects of inhaled LABA medications? Correct
answer- There is an increased risk of severe asthma attacks and asthma
related death if used incorrectly. Important to teach to take these
medications as directed.
What are the general side effects of oral beta 2 agonists for respiratory
disorders? Correct answer- They can activate beta 1 receptors in the heart
and cause angina pectoris and tachydysrhythmias. Can also activate beta 2
receptors in the skeletal muscles causing tremors.
What is the action of albuterol? Correct answer- Causes relaxation of
bronchial smooth muscle and bronchodilation. It has a rapid onset but a
longer duration of action. Also, it is usually selective to beta 2 receptors,
except in high doses, then it can affect both receptors causing heart
involvement.
What are the indications of albuterol? Correct answer- Acute/chronic asthma.
Bronchitis.
Bronchospasms, including exercise induced bronchospasm.
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