Summary
AQA GCSE 9-1 Chemistry Rates and Equilibrium topic summary
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A summary of the AQA GCSE chemistry specification for the rates and equilibrium topic.
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You can find out the rate of Mean rate of reaction = amount of reactant used or formed Reactions happen qa chemical reaction by time temperature increas
monitoring the amount of heat energy increas
reactants used up over Collision theory: The rate of a chemical reaction increases if amount of collisions
time, or you can find out Particles must collide, the surface area to volume ratio of any particles.
the rate of reaction by with a certain minimum solid reactant increases. This increases the
measuring the amount of amount of energy, frequency of collisions between reacting Increasing the conce
products made over time. before they can react. particles. reactants in solution
the frequency of col
The minimum amount of energy that particles must have in order to between particles, s
The gradient of the line at react is called the activation energy of an equation. the rate of reaction.
any given time on the
graph drawn from such an Increasing the pressure of the reacting g
A catalyst speeds
experiment tells you the Rates and equilibrium increases the frequency of collisions, inc
up the rate of rate of reaction.
rate of reaction at that reaction, but
time. The steeper the remains chemically In a reversable reaction, The amount of energy transferred to sur
gradient, the faster the the products of the when the reaction goes in one direction
unchanged
reaction. reaction can react to amount of energy transferred back when
throughout the
make the original goes in the opposite direction.
reaction. Different
To calculate the rate of catalysts are reactants.
Equilibrium is
reaction at a specific time, needed for different Endothermic (forward reaction)
of both reacti
draw a tangent to the reactions. Exothermic (reverse reaction) You can chang
curve, then calculate
of product for
gradient.
Catalysts are used whenever In reversable reactions, one equilibrium b
possible in industry to increase rates reaction is exothermic and the temperature
of reaction and reduce energy costs. other in endothermic. carry out the
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