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Test Bank Pathophysiology the Biologic Basis for Disease in Adults and Children 8th Edition
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NUR 631 Advanced Physiology And Pathophysiology Pathophysiology: The Biologic Basis for Disease in Adults and Children – TESTBANK TestBank: Pathophysiology: The Biologic Basis For Disease In Adults And Children 7th Edition By Kathryn L. McCance, Sue E. Huether Question Types: Multiple Choice, Mul...

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  • August 7, 2022
  • 38
  • 2022/2023
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  • nur 631
  • test bank pathophysiology the biologic basis for disease in adults and children 8th edition
  • nur 631 advanced physiology and pathophysiology

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Test Bank Pathophysiology the Biologic Basis
for Disease in Adults and Children 8th
Edition

MULTIPLE CHOICE



1. Which statement best describes the cellular function of metabolic
absorption?

a. Cells can produce proteins. c. Cells can take in and use
nutrients.

b. Cells can secrete digestive d. Cells can synthesize fats.
enzymes.



ANS: C



In metabolic absorption, all cells take in and use nutrients and other
substances from their surroundings. The remaining options are not inclusive in
their descriptions of cellular metabolic absorption.

,PTS: 1 REF: Page 2


2. Most of a cell’s genetic information, including RNA and DNA, is contained in the:


a. Mitochondria c. Nucleolus


b. Ribosome d. Lysosome




ANS: C



The nucleus contains the nucleolus, a small dense structure composed largely of
RNA, most of the cellular DNA, and the DNA-binding proteins, such as the
histones, which regulate its activity. The other options do not contain most of a
cell’s genetic information.



PTS: 1 REF: Page 2



1. Which component of the cell produces hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) by
using oxygen to remove hydrogen atoms from specific substrates in
an oxidative reaction?

a. Lysosomes c. Ribosomes

b. Peroxisomes d. Oxyhydrosomes



ANS: B



Peroxisomes are so named because they usually contain enzymes that use oxygen
t

,remove hydrogen atoms from specific substrates in an oxidative reaction that
produces



H2O2, which is a powerful oxidant and potentially destructive if it
accumulates or escapes

from peroxisomes. Ribosomes are RNA-protein complexes (nucleoproteins) that
are



synthesized in the nucleolus and secreted into the cytoplasm through
pores in the nuclear

envelope called nuclear pore complexes. Lysosomes are saclike
structures that originate

from the Golgi complex and contain more than 40 digestive enzymes called
hydrolases,




which catalyze bonds in proteins, lipids, nucleic acids, and
carbohydrates. Oxyhydrosomes

are involved in enzyme production.



PTS: 1 REF: Page 8



1. Which cell component is capable of cellular autodigestion when it is
released during cell



injury?

a. Ribosome c. Smooth endoplasmic
reticulum

b. Golgi complex d. Lysosomes

, ANS: D




The lysosomal membrane acts as a protective shield between the powerful
digestive enzymes within the lysosome and the cytoplasm, preventing their
leakage into the cytoplasmic matrix. Disruption of the membrane by various
treatments or cellular injury leads to a release of the lysosomal enzymes,
which can then react with their specific substrates, causing cellular self-
digestion. The other options do not correctly describe this process.



PTS: 1 REF: Pages 7-8



1. What is the sequence of steps in the development of a digestive
enzyme by the pancreas cells from the initial transcription to the release
from the cell?



1. The enzyme is transcribed from DNA by RNA in the nucleus,
proceeds to the ribosome for synthesis, and is transported in a
secretory vesicle to the cell membrane.



1. The enzyme is transcribed from RNA by DNA in the nucleus, proceeds
to the lysosome for synthesis, and is transported in an encapsulated
membrane to the cell membrane.



1. The enzyme is transcribed by the mitochondria in the nucleus,
proceeds to the ribosome for synthesis, and is transported in a
cytoskeleton to the cell membrane.



1. The enzyme is transcribed from DNA by RNA in the nucleus, proceeds to
the Golgi complex for synthesis, and is transported in a cytosol to the cell
membrane.

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