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Samenvatting grondbeginselen recht en familierecht
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Dit is een samenvatting van het vak grondbeginselen recht en familierecht van zowel het eerste als tweede semester.
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Samenvatting: Grondbeginselenrecht
Semester 1
Inhoud
H1: Algemene inleiding...........................................................................................................................5
1 Verantwoording...............................................................................................................................5
2 Het begrip recht...............................................................................................................................5
2.1 Algemeen..................................................................................................................................5
2.2 Geheel van algemeen geldende normatieve regels..................................................................5
2.3 Door de staat opgelegde of ontvangen en bekrachtigde normen............................................6
2.4 Afdwingbare normen................................................................................................................6
2.5 Normen die de ordening van het maatschappelijke leven........................................................6
H2: Indeling van het recht......................................................................................................................6
1 Algemeen.........................................................................................................................................6
2 Privaatrecht – Publiekrecht.............................................................................................................6
2.1 Publiekrecht..............................................................................................................................7
2.1 Privaatrecht..............................................................................................................................7
2.3 Enkele ‘gemengde’ takken........................................................................................................8
3 Supranationaal recht vs nationaal recht..........................................................................................9
4 Objectief vs subjectief recht............................................................................................................9
4.1 Publieke subjectieve rechten....................................................................................................9
4.2 Burgerlijke subjectieve rechten................................................................................................9
4.3 Rechtsmisbruik.......................................................................................................................10
4.4 Materieel vs formeel recht (niet gezien).................................................................................10
H3: Bronnen van het recht...................................................................................................................10
1 Inleiding.........................................................................................................................................10
2 Wetgeving in de brede zin (materiële wet)...................................................................................10
2.1 Onderscheid tussen formele en materiële wet.......................................................................10
2.2 Internationale verdragen en secundair internationaal recht..................................................10
2.3 De Grondwet (Gw.).................................................................................................................12
2.4 De wet (sensu stricto).............................................................................................................12
2.5 Decreten en ordonnanties......................................................................................................13
2.6 Koninklijke besluiten...............................................................................................................13
2.7 Ministeriële besluiten.............................................................................................................13
, 2.8 Besluit van een deelregering..................................................................................................13
2.9 Provinciaal en gemeentelijk reglement..................................................................................13
3 Rechtspraak...................................................................................................................................13
4 De rechtsleer.................................................................................................................................14
5 De gewoonte.................................................................................................................................14
6 Algemene rechtsbeginselen...........................................................................................................14
H4: Structuren en instellingen..............................................................................................................14
1 Algemene beginselen....................................................................................................................14
1.1 Parlementaire democratie......................................................................................................14
1.2 Scheiding der machten...........................................................................................................14
1.3 Rechtsstaat.............................................................................................................................14
1.4 Erfelijke constitutionele monarchie........................................................................................15
1.5 Federale staat.........................................................................................................................15
2 Federale politieke instellingen.......................................................................................................15
2.1 Het parlement.........................................................................................................................15
2.2 De regering.............................................................................................................................15
3 Regionale politieke instellingen.....................................................................................................16
3.1 De gemeenschappen..............................................................................................................16
3.2 De gewesten...........................................................................................................................17
3.3 Beginselen van de bevoegdheidsverdeling.............................................................................17
H5: Rechtshandhaving..........................................................................................................................18
1 Inleiding.........................................................................................................................................18
2 Privaatrechtelijk procesrecht.........................................................................................................18
2.1 Procedure in eerste aanleg.....................................................................................................18
2.2 Rechtsmiddelen......................................................................................................................19
3 Gewone gerechtelijke instellingen: rechtbanken en hoven...........................................................19
3.1 Bevoegdheid van de rechtbanken..........................................................................................19
3.2 Organisatie van de rechtbanken over het Belgisch grondgebied............................................20
4 Bijzondere instellingen..................................................................................................................22
4.1 Grondwettelijk Hof.................................................................................................................22
4.2 Raad van State........................................................................................................................23
4.3 Rekenhof.................................................................................................................................23
5 Gerechtelijke functies....................................................................................................................23
5.1 Magistratuur...........................................................................................................................23
5.2 De griffier................................................................................................................................24
5.3 Openbaar miniserie................................................................................................................24
, 5.4 Advocaat.................................................................................................................................25
5.5 Gerechtsdeurwaarder.............................................................................................................25
5.6 Notaris....................................................................................................................................25
5.7 Deskundige.............................................................................................................................26
5.8 Onderzoeksrechter.................................................................................................................26
5.9 Getuige...................................................................................................................................26
5.10 Slachtoffer............................................................................................................................26
5.11 Verdachte.............................................................................................................................26
5.12 Jury.......................................................................................................................................26
H1: Personenrecht................................................................................................................................31
1 Begrip en soorten personen..........................................................................................................31
1.1 Begrip......................................................................................................................................31
1.2 Soorten...................................................................................................................................31
1.3 Ontstaan en beëindiging van de persoonlijkheid....................................................................31
2 Staat van de persoon.....................................................................................................................32
2.1 Begrip en verkrijging...............................................................................................................32
2.2 Kenmerken van staat..............................................................................................................32
2.3 Elementen van staat...............................................................................................................33
2.4 Persoonlijke publiciteit...........................................................................................................39
2.5 Personenbescherming: persoonlijkheidsrechten....................................................................40
H2: Familierecht...................................................................................................................................41
1 Wie is familie? – graad van verwantschap en aanverwantschap...................................................41
2 Huwelijk.........................................................................................................................................41
2.1 Begrip......................................................................................................................................41
2.2 Voorwaarden..........................................................................................................................41
2.3 Sancties bij het niet naleven van de voorwaarden.................................................................42
2.4 Vorm.......................................................................................................................................42
2.5 Gevolgen van het huwelijk: primair stelsel.............................................................................43
3 Feitelijke scheiding en echtscheiding.............................................................................................44
3.1 Feitelijke scheiding vs echtscheiding......................................................................................44
3.2 Dringende maatregelen..........................................................................................................44
3.3 Vormen van echtscheiding.....................................................................................................45
4 Samenwoning buiten het huwelijk................................................................................................46
4.1 Wettelijke samenwoning........................................................................................................46
4.2 Feitelijke samenwoning..........................................................................................................47
5 Relatie tussen ouders en kinderen................................................................................................47
, 5.1 Afstamming.............................................................................................................................47
Hoorrecht van minderjarigen (niet in cursus!!)............................................................................49
Bemiddeling (niet in cursus!!).......................................................................................................49
5.2 Ouderlijk gezag.......................................................................................................................50
6 Onderhoudsverplichting en omgangsrecht....................................................................................51
6.1 Onderhoudsverplichting.........................................................................................................51
6.2 Omgangsrecht.........................................................................................................................51
7 Familie- en jeugdrechtbank...........................................................................................................51
8 Huwelijksvermogenstelsel.............................................................................................................53
8.1 Primair stelsel.........................................................................................................................53
8.3 Secundaire stelsel...................................................................................................................53
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