Cambridge International AS & A Level Complete Biology
Hi everyone:)) Here are my CIE A2 level Biology topic notes for the syllabus. These notes are tailored to the A level syllabus as well as the mark scheme as if you do enough past paper questions you will see a recurring pattern with the types of questions asked about each topic. My notes include s...
CIE A-level Biology: Classification, Biodiversity and Conservation (A*)
CIE A-level Biology: Selection and Evolution (A* achieved)
CIE A-level Biology: The nervous system (A* achieved)
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13 -
PHOTOSYNTHESIS
6 ( Oz +
61120 -
CG Hiz 06 +
602
Ctiignt )
d
process in which
light energy is converted into chemical energy . There are 2 main
Stooges . . .
The light dependent stage
the where is such as
stage light energy captured by chloroplast pigments chlorophyll ,
carotene
and xanthophyll .
Photo activation 1 effect of light on
chlorophyll 's causes e- flow Products : ATP Ccnemi osmosis )
↳
photolysis NADPH
1.
light dependent stage light energy
-
↳ in
thylakoid membrane
( light energy absorbed by
is
photosynthetic pigments in photo systems and converted to
chemical
energy
Photophosphorylation light used
:
for phosphorylation
Photolysis :
Using light to break water down
light absorbed by photo systems used
are
for 3
things
:
1.
Making ATP from ADP + Pi photo phosphorylation
-
2.
Making reduced NADP from NADP
Cnt ) electrons and
splitting into
3. wooer protons ions
oxygen
photolysis
=
2. light independent stage Colvin doesn't require
cycle light but requires products of
-
,
light dependent reactions
-
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