which of the following is the type of validity in quantitative research that evaluates how closely t
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Which of the following is the type of validity in quantitative research that evaluates how closely
the results of your test correspond to the results of a different test?
Correct answer: Criterion validity
In quantitative research, you have to consider the reliability and validity of your methods
and measurements. Validity tells you how accurately a method measures something. If a
method measures what it claims to measure, and the results closely correspond to real-
world values, then it can be considered valid. There are four main types of validity:
Construct validity: Does the test measure the concept that it’s intended to measure?
Construct validity evaluates whether a measurement tool really represents the thing we are
interested in measuring. It’s central to establishing the overall validity of a method.
Content validity: Is the test fully representative of what it aims to measure? Content validity
assesses whether a test is representative of all aspects of the construct. To produce valid
results, the content of a test, survey or measurement method must cover all relevant parts of
the subject it aims to measure. If some aspects are missing from the measurement (or if
irrelevant aspects are included), the validity is threatened.
Face validity: Does the content of the test appear to be suitable to its aims? Face validity
considers how suitable the content of a test seems to be on the surface. It’s similar to content
validity, but face validity is a more informal and subjective assessment. As face validity is a
subjective measure, it’s often considered the weakest form of validity. However, it can be
useful in the initial stages of developing a method.
Criterion validity: Do the results correspond to a different test of the same thing? Criterion
validity evaluates how closely the results of your test correspond to the results of a different
test. To evaluate criterion validity, you calculate the correlation between the results of your
measurement and the results of the criterion measurement. If there is a high correlation, this
gives a good indication that your test is measuring what it intends to measure.
Which of the following assessment tools is used to measure the risk of a child running away?
orrect answer: Adolescent Concerns Evaluation
The Adolescent Concerns Evaluation (ACE) is a 40-item, multidimensional rapid-assessment
instrument used to measure the risk of a child running away.
Multi-Attitude Suicide Tendency Scale is used to measure the risk of childhood suicide. Child
and Parent Report of Posttraumatic Symptoms is used to measure post-traumatic symptoms.
Eyberg Child Behavior Checklist is used to measure children’s conduct-problem behaviors.
If a child’s behavior changed when he was removed from the environment that was causing the
behavior, what type of behavior modification is present?
Correct answer: Negative reinforcement
Negative reinforcement is the strengthening of a desired behavior through the use of
avoidance conditioning. Therefore, when a child's behavior changes when he or she is removed
from an environment, negative reinforcement is present.
Positive reinforcement is the strengthening of a desired behavior by adding a reward. Extinction
is the weakening of a conditioned response by discontinuing reinforcement after the response
occurs. Modeling is the behavior that is acquired from watching others.
A couple engaged in marital counseling is noted by their therapist to repeatedly avoid
discussing potentially conflicting topics by engaging in increasingly loud arguments with one
another about
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