Outline and evaluate research into the effects of institutionalisation. (16 marks)
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Course
Attachment
Institution
AQA
I finished my psychology A-level last year with an A*. I have compiled a list of improvised essays I done as mocks and each of these essays fall into band 4 (13-16 marks)
Outline and evaluate research
into the effects of
institutionalisation. (16 marks)
Rutter and Songua-Barke carried out a longitudinal study of 165 children raised in a
Romanian orphanage. 111 of these children were adopted before the age of two, while
the remaining children were adopted before the age of four. They were compared to 52
British children in a control group. At regular intervals, the social, cognitive, and physical
development of all newborns was assessed.
Prior to adoption, Romanian orphans had delayed growth and were physically smaller,
with many being labelled as mentally retarded. When compared to the British control
group, almost all Romanian orphans adopted before the age of six months caught up on
these developmental criteria. After six months, Romanian children who were adopted
continued to have severe deficiencies in all areas of development; they were also more
likely to have difficulty with peer relationships and frequently had disinhibited
attachments.
One of Rutter and Songua-research Barke's findings' strengths is their practical
application to social services. Their research has influenced how children are cared for,
particularly during the adoption process. Mothers were traditionally encouraged to retain
their kids for an extended period of time, by which point the essential period for
attachment formation may have gone. Infants are being adopted as young as one week
old, and Singer et al. (1985) claim that youngsters are just as emotionally bonded to
their adoptive mothers as biologically related families. This highlights the value of
institutionalisation research in improving children's lives.
Another aspect of Rutter and Songua-research Barke's is that it was conducted
throughout time. Their study lasted several years, allowing them to evaluate both the
short-term and long-term effects of institutionalisation, as well as the eventual benefits
of adoption. As a result, the findings of their study appear to be a valid depiction of the
impacts of being placed in institutional care, as well as the outcomes of obtaining
effective follow-up emotional caregiving in a timely manner.
Outline and evaluate research into the effects of institutionalisation. (16 marks) 1
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