Unit 2 AC 2.3 (sociological theories) criminology WJEC Flashcards
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Course
Criminological Theories
Institution
WJEC
Flashcards that were created and used by two A* students who both received 100% in the final Unit 2 exam. Detailed description, research AND evaluation of EACH sociological theory, along with associated images and prompts. These notes are in a FLASHCARD format designed for students who want to achi...
, Functionalism
~What is collective conscience?
~What do functionalists believe?
~What is adaption and change?
~What is boundary maintenance?
~What is crime as a safety value?
QUESTION
Functionalists also believe society shares social value and norms this is called
the ‘collective conscience’ these norms and values are taught by social
institutions by a process called socialisation.
Functionalists believe everything in society, all social institutions serve a function in
society. The organic analogy is that society is similar to the human body because all
‘organs’ of society work together for society to be healthy. Even crime serves a
function in society (it has 3 functions)…
1. Adaption and change: Durkheim argued that crime and deviance helps society to
evolve. If there is no crime and deviance society becomes stagnant and cannot
develop.
2. Boundary maintenance: crimes can create public outrage which reinforces our
collective conscience (our shared norms + values) and leads to public togetherness.
3. ‘Crime as a ‘safety value’: some functionalists believe committing some crime can
be used to relaxation, the stresses of life which can be beneficial for maintaining
social order.
ANSWER
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