Unit 4 - Laboratory Techniques and their Application
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LEARNING AIM D: UNDERSTAND HOW SCIENTIFIC INFORMATION MAY BE STORED AND COMMUNICATED IN A WORKPLACE LABORATORY
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Unit 4 - Laboratory Techniques and their Application
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Explain how scientific information in a workplace laboratory is recorded and process to meet standards and to ensure traceability through a workflow. Overall, I received a distinction in this assignment and the unit 4 overall.
Unit 4 - Laboratory Techniques and their Application
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ASSIGNMNET D
, HAJRAH ALI (40157986) UNIT 4 - ASSIGNMENT 4 2020-14-12
D.P7 EXPLAIN HOW SCIENTIFIC INFORMATION IN A WORKPLACE LABORATORY IS RECORDED AND PROCESSED TO MEET THE
NEEDS OF THE CUSTOMER AND TO ENSURE TRACEABILITY. / D.P8 EXPLAIN HOW USEFUL SCIENTIFIC INFORMATION IS OBTAINED
FROM LARGE DATA SETS AND THE POTENTIAL ISSUES AND BENEFITS.
Scientific information in a workplace laboratory is recorded and process to meet standards and to ensure traceability through a
workflow.
EXAMPLE:
COVID-19 DIAGNOSTIC TESTING LABORATRY FLOW CHART {IN INDUSTRY}
In industry the first part of a process is to meet the needs of the patient is that the patient’s request to log/book an
appointment. In the appointment that they book customers will give the personal details such as DOB, their NHS
number, and the date the test is going to be on, the name of which test they are going to be taking (COVID-19) test
and will describe their symptoms which have been occurring such as shortness of breath, a high temperature or a
loss of senses etc. Their name and address. An address is used to identify where the patient lives so that once the
test is done, they can receive the results via the post and if the patient does the test at home, they will need an
address to send to. When the test is received it will include instructions to follow and equipment to help you put your
sample in such as the swab of your saliva, a plastic tube and bag and barcoded labels which are unique to your
sample only to identify later down the process. Once this has been the specimens will be received by the laboratory
organisation which carry out the analysis for COVID testing. In industry different laboratories are used for different
tests.
A barcode is used to identify and help find the location of which lab the specimen is supposed to be sent to. Using a barcode, it is
easier to retrieve the sample from location and can match data, and to input data by scanning it on to the system. A
barcode will tell you the date of which the sample is received in the lab and when has it been taken in or out, where
is it being stored when not in use. A barcode improves process as it is much more efficient and time saving for
scientist to locate samples when in need and to avoid contamination especially when storing samples with other
samples.
When testing the sample is done and the results come through as either positive or negative it goes
through a Processing the specimen stage. The specimen will be isolated which is known as isolating viral
RNA, then the next stage will be Conducting RT-PCR test, Detecting Amplified cDNA. Once the sample
has gone through the stages and the results are received and finalised it will then be imported to a
laboratory management system (LIMS) and will then be appropriately stored such as refrigerators set at
the right temperature to maintain and not destroying the sample.
At this stage there is a “2 nd check” which is done before and after known as validating test results. This is
done to ensure continuity and that the samples being carried out are doing so correctly. During this
stage higher people in the organisation will plant dummy samples to make sure that the samples are
being carried out correctly. And other workers who did not test the samples will come and check the
results and sample and will sign it to authorise and say that they have seen it and it is at this location
with this person last.
These results are now submitted in a report to Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and Centre for disease control
(CDC). These reports are now able to be shared with certain people who have the authority to look at the results such
as the person whose sample was being tested and by the doctor who is consulting them. Reports are restricted as they
have personal and private data written on them and are not used against a person by their own will without consent of
the person whom the report belongs to.
Sharing test reports. Files are kept locked and are opened upon a request, they are encrypted, and security
protected with a password so that an outside cannot view and gain access to them or hackers trying to break into
the data system. Firewalls are put up as safety mechanisms to help defend data walls so that hackers cannot break
into the system. Reports can only be accessed /read by high authority who would need to use it and not by any
worker who works within the industry and a high level of security is put in place within the industry. Even when
trying to delete reports a person will not be able to do so without a password in a high security industry with a
reason or even if you accidently touch the delete button as reports are kept for a certain number of years before
they are disposed of because of any evidence that can be used later in life an example would be to defend
themselves in court or a case from court has been opened again due to new evidence being provided so they need
to re-look at the reports.
LIMS allows support with 3rd party organisations such as EMR, HER, LIS, patient Registries etc. it is integrated within
these reports which allowed automating reports of test results, which enhances customer experience and minimizes any errors.
Through LIMS the clinical diagnostic testing laboratories received hundreds of COVID-19 specimens samples a day,
RT-PCR is the most common form and reliable form of testing for COVID-19. Without having a software like LIMS
there is a chance of losing data all in one go if data is in one area and are physical documents which can be
lost/misplaced.
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