Chamberlain College of Nursing BIOS 256 MIDTERM Exam (Latest 2022)
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Course
BIOS 256
Institution
Chamberlain College Of Nursing
Functions of the digestive system Correct Answer: Digestion, absorption, defecation, acid/base balance, energy (ATP), water management/electrolytes, metabolism
How does the ANS control the GI tract? Correct Answer: ANS stimulates the smooth muscles of the GI tract. Enteric system is a side cha...
chamberlain college of nursing bios 256 midterm exam latest 2022
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BIOS 256
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Chamberlain College of Nursing BIOS 256 MIDTERM
Exam (Latest 2022)
Functions of the digestive system Correct Answer: Digestion, absorption, defecation, acid/base
balance, energy (ATP), water management/electrolytes, metabolism
How does the ANS control the GI tract? Correct Answer: ANS stimulates the smooth muscles of
the GI tract. Enteric system is a side chain of ANS, where sympathetic decreases activity and
parasympathetic increases activity
Bilayer membrane of the GI tract? Correct Answer: Peritoneum
Portions of the small intestine Correct Answer: Duodenum, jejunum, ileum
Site of chyme and pH management Correct Answer: duodenum
Bolus in the mouth Correct Answer: Food and saliva
bolus in the stomach Correct Answer: food and HCL
Bolus in the duodenum Correct Answer: Chyme
Where is bile stored? Correct Answer: Gallbladder
What is bile made of? Correct Answer: Bicarbonate, amylase, and lipase
Where does carbohydrate digestion begin? Correct Answer: In the mouth with salivary amylase
Pancreatic amylase Correct Answer: breaks down carbohydrates
Where does the digestion of fats begin? Correct Answer: Salivary lipase
Layers of the GI tract? Correct Answer: Serosa-outer
muscularis
submucosa
mucosa-inner
, What are the layers of smooth muscle in the stomach? Correct Answer: Longitudinal, oblique,
and circular
Where is the only place that hyperplasia is normal? Correct Answer: The uterus
Control of salivation: Correct Answer: Intrinsic glands- keep the mouth moist
Extrinsic glands- secrete serous, enzyme rich saliva in response to ingested food which stimulate
chemoreceptors and pressoreceptors and the thought of food
Strong sympathetic stimulation- inhibits salivation and results in dry mouth
Goblet cells Correct Answer: In the epithelial lining, produces coat of alkaline mucous, this is a
protective layer
What do enteroendocrine cells secrete? Correct Answer: gastrin, histamine, endorphins,
serotonin, CCK, and somatostatin
What does chief cells secrete? Correct Answer: secrete pepsinogen
What do parietal cells secrete? Correct Answer: HCl which converts pepsinogen into its active
form pepsin
Regulation of gastric secretion? Stimulatory events Correct Answer: Cephalic phase- prior to
food entry, site and thought of food, stimulates taste and smell receptors
Gastric phase- food enters stomach, stomach dissension activates stretch receptors, food
chemicals and rising pH activates chemoreceptors
Intestinal phase- partially digested food enters the duodenum when stomach begins emptying
What does serotonin and somatostatin function in? Correct Answer: Stomach motility
(mechanical digestion)
Chyme digestion? Correct Answer: This occurs in the duodenum, where pH is managed by bile
and sodium bicarb and fats are managed by lipase
What does CCK initiate? Correct Answer: Initiates delivery of bile to the duodenum by
promoting peristalsis (duct contraction)
What does secretin stimulate? Correct Answer: targets stomach to reduce stomach movement
and reduce release of chyme from the pyloric valve
Factors affecting release of enzymes to digest chyme? Correct Answer: pH, amount of fat,
hypertonic versus hypotonic
Sources of glucose Correct Answer: Carbs, fats, and proteins
2 ways to manage glucose Correct Answer: Aerobic- 36 ATP/glucose, O2 present
Anaerobic- 2 ATP/glucose, no O2
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