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Treaty of Versailles
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These notes are just an overall summary on the Treaty of Versailles and what happened. This is my IGCSE Cambridge coursework from Year 10. Hope you find these notes helpful.
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Treaty of VersaillesKey terms of the Treaty:
Treaty decided by different sides without communication
Term 1 War Guilt Clause – Article 231
Germany had to accept blame for starting the war
Seen as harsh from the German perspective
Germany didn’t have a voice to stick up for themselves as a
nation
Term 2 Reparations
Germany accepted blame the allies could demand payment
for the damage.
A commission was set up and in 1921 demanded £6600
million, if the terms had not been changed by the Young Plan of
1929 Germany would not have finished paying this until 1983.
Very hypocritical of France, as they were treated kindly after
the Napoleonic wars in 1815
Countries chose the amount to charge reparations, without
discussing
Term 3 - Territorial Loss
German boarders were very extensive - 13% of its German
land
10% of their Industrial land (16% of its coalfields, ½ of
its iron and steel industry)
15% of their agricultural land
Limited industrialisation
German lost all its colonies
6 million people across its European and colonial land were
lost (12% of the population)
Hypocritical as Woodrow Wilson strongly believed in self-
determination
Germany’s overseas colonies stripped (caused initial tension
between Germany and Britain prior to war)
All colonies taken from Germany became mandates to the
League of Nations (Britain and France technically controlled
them)
The Saar coalfields were given to France after a vote within
the League of nations
West Prussia a.k.a, “Polish corridor” was taken from Germany
and given to Poland.
Angered Germany because it split the country in two; France
was pleased
Unity between Austria and Germany was banned “Auschluss”
Gdańsk, Germany city that becomes free.
Term 4 - Military restrictions
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