Test Bank Infection Prevention and Control Potter: Essentials for Nursing Practice, 8th Edition,100% CORRECT
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Nutrition 101
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Nutrition 101
Test Bank Infection Prevention and Control Potter: Essentials for Nursing Practice, 8th Edition
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. The nurse has had a nasal culture performed and has been found to be MRSA positive. Be- cause the nurse has not been ill from the bacteria, the nurse’s nasal cavity can best ...
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Test Bank Infection Prevention and Control Potter: Essentials
for Nursing Practice, 8th Edition
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. The nurse has had a nasal culture performed and has been found to be MRSA positive. Be-
cause the nurse has not been ill from the bacteria, the nurse’s nasal cavity can best be de-
scribed as a:
a. susceptible host.
b. reservoir.
c. portal of entry.
d. mode of transmission.
ANS: B
A place in which microorganisms survive, multiply, and wait to transfer to a susceptible host
is called a reservoir. Common reservoirs are humans and animals (hosts), insects, food, wa-
ter, and organic matter on inanimate surfaces (fomites). Frequent reservoirs for health care–
acquired infections (HAIs) include health care workers (especially their hands), patients’
body excretions and secretions, equipment, and the health care environment. A susceptible
host is one who will get an infection. Susceptibility to an infection depends on the individ-
ual’s degree of resistance to pathogens. The fact that the nurse has not become ill indicates
that he or she is not very susceptible. Portal of entry describes how the organism entered the
body. Although the MRSA may have used the nasal cavity as the portal of entry, it now re-
sides there so the nasal cavity is now the reservoir. Mode of transmission refers to how the
organism is passed from one person to another. This can be from touch, sneezing, coughing,
and so on. The nasal cavity is a place, not a mode of transmission.
PTS: 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering (Knowledge)
REF: 240 | 241 OBJ: Describe characteristics of each link of the infection chain.
TOP: Nursing Process: Assessment MSC: NCLEX: Safety and Infection Control
2. The nursing assistive personnel (NAP) is working on a busy pediatric unit in a hospital. She
has a cut on her hand that has not been kept covered. It hurts her to wash her hands or sani-
tize them, so she has been providing patient care without performing hand hygiene. Several
of the patients on the pediatric unit have suffered hospital-associated infections of rotavirus.
This was thought to be a result of the NAP’s lack of hand hygiene. This type of disease
transmission can best be described as:
a. indirect.
b. natural active immunity.
c. direct.
d. natural passive immunity.
ANS: C
, Hands of health care workers often transmit microorganisms. This mode of transmission is
called direct transmission. Indirect transmission occurs when microorganisms are trans-
ferred to health care workers’ hands from contaminated items that are part of patient care,
such as a blood pressure cuff or a bedside table. Natural active immunity results from hav-
ing a certain disease, such as measles, and mounting an immune response that usually lasts a
lifetime. Natural passive immunity is the acquisition of an antibody by one person from an-
other, such as a baby born with its mother’s antibodies. The baby acquires these antibodies
through the placenta during the last months of pregnancy. This type of immunity is of short
duration, usually lasting only a few weeks to months.
PTS: 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering (Knowledge)
REF: 241 | 242 OBJ: Identify the body’s normal defenses against infection.
TOP: Nursing Process: Assessment MSC: NCLEX: Safety and Infection Control
3. The nurse is working for a postsurgical unit. He is caring for four postsurgical patients, all of
whom have been in the hospital for 3 days or more. Which of the following patients should
he be most concerned about regarding a health care–associated infection?
a. An asymptomatic elderly patient with bacteria in his urine
b. A middle-aged woman with a white blood cell count of 10,000/mm3
c. A young adult woman who is 1 day postoperative with redness at incision site
d. A middle-aged man with temperature of 101.3° F and complaints of malaise
ANS: D
By assessing existing signs and symptoms (e.g., the condition of a wound, the presence of
fever), you will determine whether a patient’s clinical condition indicates the onset or exten-
sion of a systemic infection. The patient with an elevated temperature such as 101.3° F and a
feeling of malaise is demonstrating signs of infection. When assessing laboratory data, con-
sider the age of the patient. For example, in an older adult, bacterial growth in urine without
clinical symptoms does not always indicate the presence of a urinary tract infection. Normal
white blood cell count is 5000 to 10,000/mm3, so a patient with that level would not be
showing a sign of infection unless he or she were already immunosuppressed. Redness at the
incision site is a sign of inflammation, and the body’s inflammatory response is a protective
reaction that neutralizes pathogens and repairs body cells.
PTS: 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Analyzing (Analysis)
REF: 243 | 245 | 246
OBJ: Assess patients at risk for acquiring an infection.
TOP: Nursing Process: Evaluation MSC: NCLEX: Safety and Infection Control
4. A patient with a history of poor nutrition and chronic illness is admitted to the medical unit.
The nurse caring for this patient is preparing to provide the patient with a bed bath and re-
calls that normal body flora:
a. are only found on the skin surface.
b. are beneficially aided by the use of antibiotics.
c. are primary sources of infection when balanced.
d. help to maintain health.
ANS: D
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