PSYC 300 FINAL EXAM With 100% Correct Answers 2022

Correct Answers Masters and Johnson model of sexual response (4) - ANSWER-1. Excitement 2. Plateau 3. Orgasm 4. Resolution Kaplan Triphasic model of sexual response (3) - ANSWER-1. Desire 2. Excitement 3. Orgasm Loulan's Model of sexual response (6) - ANSWER-1. Willingness 2. Desire 3. Excitement 4. Engorgement 5. Orgasm 6. Pleasure Reed's Erotic stimulus pathway - ANSWER-1. Seduction 2. Sensation 3. Surrender 4. Reflection Reflection of Reed's Erotic stimulus pathway - ANSWER-evaluate what happened Seduction of Reed's Erotic stimulus pathway - ANSWER-entice someone to have sex (psychosocial) Sensation of Reed's Erotic stimulus pathway - ANSWER-detecting sexual stimuli (psychosocial) Surrender of Reed's Erotic stimulus pathway - ANSWER-Orgasm occurs Reflection of Reed's Erotic stimulus pathway - ANSWER-evaluate what happened Dual Control Model (2) - ANSWER-1. Excitation- responding to sexual stimuli 2. Inhibition- suppressing response to sexual stimuli ____ excitation and _____ inhibition increases likelihood of high-risk sexual behavior - ANSWER-high- low ____excitation and ____ inhibition correlates with higher likelihood of erectile dysfunction and low desire - ANSWER-Low : High What regions of the brain do orgasms effect? - ANSWER-- Nucleus accumbent -Cerebellum -Hypothalamus Women may deactivate what part of the brain during orgasm - ANSWER-governing pain and emotional control connects senses to the brain- set of structures in the interior of the brain (amygdala, hippocampus, and fornix) - ANSWER-limbic system believed to be important for sexual behavior in both animals and humans - ANSWERlimbic system Examples of erogenous zones. - ANSWER-genitals, breasts, neck, mouth, ears, inner thighs, buttocks secreted outside of the body for sexual attractants - ANSWER-pheromones lack of sexual fantasy is correlated with - ANSWER-sexual dysfunction sexual fantasies are frequently used for - ANSWER-masturbation top five common fantasies for women - ANSWER-1. current partner 2. past encounter 3. different positions 4. different rooms 5. carpeted floor sex. top five common fantasies for men - ANSWER-1. different positions 2. aggressive partner (taking charge) 3. receiving oral sex 4. new partner 5. sex on the beach importance of fantasy in relation to sexual behavior - ANSWER-mental rehearsing future possibilities masturbation reduces the occurrence of what? - ANSWER-prostate cancer people who have reg. sex tend to what more often? - ANSWER-masturbate safest lube - ANSWER-water based oral sex performed on male - ANSWER-fellatio oral sex performed on female - ANSWER-cunnilingus Can oral sex spread STIs - ANSWER-yes younger or older have sex more often? - ANSWER-younger how long does sex last on average? - ANSWER-3-13 minutes What are the four basic sexual positions? - ANSWER-1. male superior 2. female superior 3. rear entry (anal) 4. side-by-side Sex position that allows for deep penetration? - ANSWER-male superior- missionary Sex position that allows for easy clit stimulation? - ANSWER-rear entry--- female superior Sex position thats easier when a woman is late in her pregnancy? - ANSWER-anal- rear entry What is the problem with pornography? - ANSWER-misrepresents what people may like position best for reproduction? - ANSWER-missionary- male superior best position for female pleasure - ANSWER-female superior How did Lassie Hessel study sex positions? - ANSWER-through ultra sounds scans to study different positions for stimulation Reasons to use a condom during anal sex? - ANSWER-- can damage anal tissue - prevents STIs specifically HIV how common is anal for homosexual couples? - ANSWER-1 in 3 how common is anal for heterosexual couples? and what age group? - ANSWER-22% between age 18-26 What is buttockry? - ANSWER-sexual technique used in homosexual couples where the penis is rubbed between the buttocks cleft. What is interfemoral ? - ANSWER-sexual technique used in homosexual couples where the penis is rubbed between the partner's thighs What is tribalism? - ANSWER-homosexual women rubbing genitals together. What are the 4 D's related to mental disorders - ANSWER-1. Distress- negative feelings people experience with psychological disorders 2. Disfunction- impairment for everyday functioning 3. Deviance- steers away from the norms 4. Danger- dangerous or violent behavior directed at oneself or others (cannot be directed at self only) Most sexual disorders cause what D's related to mental disorders ? - ANSWER-Distress and Disfunction. A disturbance in the sexual desire and in the psychological and physiological changes that characterize the sexual response cycle and cause distress and interpersonal difficulty - ANSWER-Definition of sexual disfunction in DSM-5 What are some of the limitations of the DSM 5 - ANSWER--false notion of sexual equivalence -unacknowledged role of relationships -women have a variety of differences -based on mostly Masters & Johnsons sexual response cycle -persistent and reoccurent (implies that can't be temporary and heterocentric ) Sexual desires and activities reflect both _______ &_________ - ANSWER-emotional well-being & physical health What model of sexual response does the DSM-5 use? - ANSWER-Masters and Johnson focus on the individual perception of one's functioning - ANSWER-sexual function dissatisfaction What four things influence sexual function dissatisfaction? - ANSWER-1. problems caused by sociocultural, political, economic factors 2. partner or relationship factors 3. psychological factors (mistrust, anxiety, depression, abuse) 4. Medical factors what are software problems? - ANSWER-Psychological problems (of cognition) - performance fear shift attention or preoccupied causes of high anxiety What are hardware problems ? - ANSWER-Physiological problems (biological) psychiatric medication (SSRIs, alcohol, other drugs, aging) What are primary problems and secondly problems? - ANSWER-Primary- pre existing Secondary- occur after a period of adequate functioning What are global problems and situational problems? - ANSWER-Global- generalized to all sexual opportunities Situational- only occurs under a specific set of circumstances What factors causes men and women to report less sexual functioning differences? - ANSWER-when married sexual disorder in which there is a lack of interest in sexual activity- low sex drive - ANSWER-Hypoactive sexual desire disorder treatment for hypoactive sexual desire disorder - ANSWER--medication -counseling -hormonal therapy Is hypoactive sexual desire disorder subjective or objective? - ANSWER-subjective What disorder avoids genital contact with a partner? - ANSWER-Sexual aversion disorder Changes to the DSM-5 from the DSM-4? - ANSWER-- interest arousal disorders for women only - removal of sexual aversion disorder (change to phobia) -addition of hypoactive sexual desire disorder for men 5 treatments for sexual aversion disorder - ANSWER-1. hormone therapy 2. cognitive behavioral therapy- change thoughts towards sex 3. EROS (clit therapy device) 4. Yohimbine- bark of african yohimbine tree, but not approved by FDA 5. Addyi - FDA approved in 2015 but for women only and you can't mix with alcohol high sex drive - ANSWER-Hyperactive sexual desire disorder How does hyperactive sexual desire disorder relate to addiction ? - ANSWER-has behavioral and biological base of addiction such as - tolerance -withdrawal -association of stimuli Substance that increases sexual desire - ANSWER-Aphrodisiacs Aphrodisiac- alcohol effects - ANSWER-low increases sexual desire and high doses decreases erection increase sexual desire but can cause orgasmic disorders and erectile disorders, and loss of sexual desire (Aphrodisiac) - ANSWER-cocaine dilates arteries, warmth in genital, relaxes sphincter muscles of anus- can also cause fainting in rare cases and possibly even death (Aphrodisiac) - ANSWER-Amyl nitrate (poppers and snappers) seems to increase sexual desire because it seems to extend the length of time (Aphrodisiac) - ANSWER-Weed may safely increase sexual desire but more research is needed (Aphrodisiac) - ANSWER-Ginseng Ground beetle wings from Europe- may cause death- poisonous (Aphrodisiac) - ANSWER-Spanish fly increased sexual desire possibly due to resemblance of testis (Aphrodisiac) - ANSWERoysters psychological aspect of men's ED - ANSWER-depression and embarrassment How does erectile dysfunction differ by age? - ANSWER-fewer than 10% under the age of 40 increases to about 30% for men in their 60s Psychological treatment options for ED - ANSWER-- systematic desensitization -sensate focus -relationship therapy Pharmacological treatment options for ED - ANSWER--Viagra, Levitra -Hormonal- testosterone patch -Intracavernous injections- dilates blood vessels Other treatment options for ED - ANSWER-Vacuum constriction devices revascularization therapy prosthesis lack of response to sexual stimulation (psychological ) - ANSWER-Female sexual arousal disorder arousal that can last for days, weeks, and trigger by sexual stimulation, masturbation and anxiety - ANSWER-persistent arousal disorder inability to have an orgasm - ANSWER-female orgasmic disorder man ejaculates too soon - ANSWER-premature ejaculation man is unable to have an orgasm or it greatly delayed by 40 min or more - ANSWERinhibited ejaculation genital pain experienced during sex 8% women 2% male - ANSWER-Dyspareunia Anodyspareunia - ANSWER-pain occurring during anal sex involuntary spasmodic contractions of the vaginal muscles - ANSWER-Vaginismus Some physical causes for sexual difficulties for men and women - ANSWER-- diabetes - alcoholism - heart disease - spinal cord injuries - smoking - hormones Man may be able to have an erection with a spinal cord injury due to - ANSWER-reflex action responding to stimulation but not likely to orgasm or ejaculate Can women remain fertile with a spinal cord injury? - ANSWER-yes Spinal cord injuries may create new ________ ______ - ANSWER-erogenous zones Psychological causes of sexual difficulties - ANSWER-- fatigue -ineffective sexual techniques - anxiety - conflict within self - relationship causes why is it difficult to study paraphilia? - ANSWER-- self report issues - incarceration issues - where to draw the line between normal and abnormal sexual fixation of an object rather than a human and erotic attachment to that object - ANSWER-Fetishistic disorder person who experiences intense sexual arousal from the physical or psychological suffering of another person as manifested by fantasies, urges or behaviors. - ANSWERSadists what derived from Maquis de Sade? - ANSWER-Sadism person who experiences intense sexual arousal from the act of being humiliated, beaten, bound, or otherwise made to suffer as manifested by fantasies, urges or behaviors. - ANSWER-Masochists How long does one have to experience masochism that causes distress or impairment for it to be considered paraphillic disorder? - ANSWER-6 months what derived from Leopold von Sacher-Masoch - ANSWER-Masochism uses his or her power to control and sexually stimulate the submissive partner - ANSWER-dominance interaction with (dominants)_ and consensual exchange of power - ANSWERsubmissive person who experiences intense sexual arousal from watching an unsuspecting person who is naked, in the process of undressing or engaging in sexual activity. - ANSWERVoyeurism referred to as peeping toms - ANSWER-voyeurism why could voyeurism be considered somewhat normal? - ANSWER-study with college students 2/3 said they would watch someone undress and 45% said that they would watch the couple engage in sex. Scoptophilia/ scopophila - ANSWER-variation where it is from watching sexual acts of others without consent- derive sexual pleasure from looking: person who derives sexual gratification from exposing his genitals to an unsuspecting person. usually are men - ANSWER-exhibitionism sexual interest in children or sex with children - ANSWER-pedophilia Pedantry happend in what city - ANSWER-Ancient Greece Scatolophilia - ANSWER-arousal from making obscene phone call sexual contact with an animal; this behavior is also called beastility or sodomy - ANSWER-zoophilia risk factor and percentage from living on farm (zoophilia) - ANSWER-8% with males frotteurism - ANSWER-sexual fantasies, urges or behavior involving touching or rubbing ones genitals against the body of a non consenting person usually in a crowded public place disorder mainly found in men- desire to damage or soil a women or her clothes or the image of a woman, such as a paining or statue - ANSWER-saliromania both variations having to do with excretion. with feces and urine - ANSWERCoprophilia- feces Urophilia- urine sexual contact with dead person - ANSWER-necrophilia automatic unintentional sexual behaviors during sleep - ANSWER-sexomnia what stage of sleep does sexomnia occur? - ANSWER-during the first hours of sleep (rapid eye movement) desire to induce in oneself a state of oxygen defiance in order to create a sexual arousal or to enhance excitement and orgasm; - ANSWER-asphyxiophilia percentage of pregnancies that are unintended in the US - ANSWER-50% ___% of college kids believe responsibility should be shared yet only about ____ of the relationships share the responsibility. (birth control) - ANSWER-90% : half male controlled methods now account for ____% of reversely contraceptive use - ANSWER-35% SC is ______ highest in STI transmission - ANSWER-3rd difference between birth control and contraceptive? - ANSWER-contraception is specifically to prevent contraception whereas birth control can also include abortions mostly widely used form of contraceptive - ANSWER-birth control "the pill" how does the pill work (3 things) - ANSWER-1. suppress ovulation 2. thicken cervical mucus 3. thin the lining of the uterus dep-provera - ANSWER-injectable contraceptive ortho evra - ANSWER-the patch nuva ring - ANSWER-vaginal ring two barrier methods of contraception - ANSWER-cervical cap (FemCap) and diaphragm. IUD length in years - ANSWER-5-12 years fertility awareness methods : FOUR - ANSWER-1. calendar (rhythm method) 2. Basal body temperature 3. Ovulation method 4. Symptothermal method Sterilization for women - ANSWER-1. tubal ligation- fallopian tubes are cut or blocked 2. laparoscopy- small incision performed in the abdomen. 3. essure- placed in fallopian tube to block sperm from getting to egg. Sterilization for men - ANSWER-vasectomy about half of unintended pregnancies end in - ANSWER-abortion highest abortion rates among who: Age: Race: Economic - ANSWER-18-29 unmarried : black or hispanic: economically disadvantaged number of abortions decreased between what years - ANSWER-1994 and 2000 what accounts in decrease in abortion rates - ANSWER-emergency contraceptive 1st trimester abortion techniques - ANSWER-surgical: Vacuum aspiration 2nd trimester abortion techniques - ANSWER-dilation and evacuation : requires more dilation but still used vacuum RU-486 (mifepristone) - ANSWER-abortion pill effective of abortion pill in first 7 weeks - ANSWER-92%