This document provides a simple illustration of pentose phosphate pathway metabolism in human body. It’s easy to comprehend and good for pre-test review.
Firstly, the glucose enters the liver through the Glut-2 transporter.
Immediately the enzyme Glucokinase puts phosphate on the glucose to trap
it in the cell. Then G6P will go to glycolysis or Pentose Phosphate Pathway Glucose
Glucokinase
(PPP).
Glucose G6P
164
Now let's focus on the PPP.
Firstly, the G6P will be oxidized to convert to 6-phosphoglucanoketone. The
special molecule that will pick up the hydride ions is NADP+ by using the appt
enzyme (Glucose-6-phosphate D.H.). Fructose-6p
Then, adding water to 6-phosphoglucanoketone to convert it to 6-
ATP
y
phosphogluconate by helping the lactonase enzyme. The next step is another
D.H. using NADP+ and turning it into NADPH. The new molecule is Ribulose-5-
p
Phosphate, five carbon molecule; we get rid of carbon into CO2 Fructuse_1,6BP
(decarboxylation). This molecule is essential for synthesizing Nucleotides,
I
RNA, DNA, NAD, and FAD. The enzyme that catalyzes this reaction is (6-
phosphogluconate D.H.).
Depending on the enzyme, the (Ribulose-5P) has two fates.
DHAPIGASP
The first enzyme is Isomerase. These kinds of enzymes shuffle different
carbons around. So, shifting Ribulose-5P to Ribose-5P. I
The second enzyme is (epimerase). Converting Ribulose-5P to Xyulose-5P. s
Then, the new two molecules (Ribose-5P and Xyulose-5P) will be fused by
using (transketolase enzyme), which contains vitamin B1 (Tpp) as Coenzyme.
1,3BPG
This enzyme will transfer two carbons from (Ribose-5P) to (Xyulose-5P). C p
Resulting in Ribose-5P to Glyceraldehyde-3-Phosphate (GA3P) three carbons,
while Xyulose-5P to (Seduloheptose-7P) seven carbons. GA3P could go to
ja
glycolysis or gluconeogenesis if needed. JPG
f
However, also the new molecules can react with each other. Utilizing (The
transaldolase enzyme) it will transfer three carbons from Seduloheptose-7P
I
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