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Summary COMM205 RESUME CHAPTER 2 AND 3
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COMM205 RESUME CHAPTER 2 AND 3 FROM COMMUNICATING FOR RESULTS
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Class 2 – Chapter 2 and 3 (Getting the Message Across, Getting Started (Writing Process))Sender: Participant in a communication transaction who has an idea and communicates it by
encoding it in a message
⬇️
Encoding: Converting ideas into code in order to convey a written, an oral, or a non-verbal
message
⬇️
Channel: Communication pathway or medium over which a message travels
⬇️
Receiver: Participant in a communication transaction for whom a message is intended and who
decodes the message by extracting meaning from it
⬇️
Decoding: Extracting meaning from the symbols of spoken, written, and non-verbal
communication
↩️
Feedback: Receiver’s response to a message that confirms if the original message was received
and understood
What is not a way that a message can be encoded?
By the receiver
Which elements are needed in the communication process?
Message, sender, encoding, channel, receiver, decoding and feedback
Which term refers to the physical means used to transmit an oral or written message?
Channel
Which term refers to physical or psychological interference that distors a message’s meaning?
Noise
Sending a high sensitive message through e-mail when face-to face communication is more
appropriate is an example of:
A channel barrier
What are four barriers to effective communication?
Channel overload, information overload, emotion interference, semantic interference,
physical and technical interference, mixed messages, channel barriers, and environmental
interference.
***The communication process require: a synchronous or asynchronous channel.
Communication requires a channel, the medium that transmits a message. The channel can be
synchronous (in live time) or asynchronous (store for later access)
, ***A potential barrier to effective communication can occur if the received doesn’t like the
sender of a message. One barrier to effective communication is emotional interference, a
psychological factor that creates problems with the communication transaction. If the receiver
doesn’t like the sender, the receiver may not be open to the message or trust the information.
Components of Non-Verbal Communication
Communication that does not use words but takes place through gestures, eye contact,
postures and facial expression that convey feelings, attitudes, and other information
!!! Non-body language ≠ non-verbal communication !!!
Use of space (proxemics) : amount of space individuals maintain during a conversation
or interaction
Use of time (chronemics) : how people use and interpret time in non-verbal
communication
Paralanguage (vocalics) : acoustic or non-verbal vocal qualities of verbal communication
Appearance, facial expression, and voice inflection are part of what type of communication?
Non-verbal communication
What is not an example of paralanguage?
A person’s body language
***Proxemics is the study of the use of perception and space.
***The clothes you wear are a form of body language. Clothing and accessories can be
communicators of professional identity and corporate culture
Diversity in the Workplace
Successful businesses capitalize on the strengths of a diverse multinational workforce and
reduce misunderstandings in order to benefit consumers, promote harmony, forge high-
performance work teams, and gain a competitive edge.
Understanding Cultural Differences
Culture: shared values, customs, and patterns of behaviour of a particular group or
society, including its rules, beliefs, language, and structure
Ethnocentrism: belief that one’s own cultural or ethnic group is superior to others,
leading to false assumptions
Cross-cultural competence: being able to communicate effectively with people from
different cultural groups
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