BIO-220 GCU Final (A+ graded with solutions)

Hydrologic Cycle correct answer Water evaporates from moist surfaces, falls as rain or snow, passes through living organisms and returns to the oceans. How much water evaporates each year from the world's oceans? correct answer 500,000km Three principal factors controlling global water deficits and surpluses: correct answer Global atmospheric circulation, proximity to water sources, and topography. Rain Shadow Effect correct answer Cool, dry air descends from the mountaintop down the other side of the mountain (leeward side) creating dry areas with very little precipitation. How much liquid water do the oceans hold? correct answer 97% Oceans role: correct answer Play major role in moderating earth's climate. The currents moderate climate by redistributing warm and cold water around the earth. How much of the world's water is classified as fresh? correct answer 2.4% Groundwater correct answer Second largest reservoir of fresh water. Infiltration correct answer Process of water percolating through the soil and into fractures and permeable rocks. Zone of aeration correct answer Upper soil layers that hold both air and water. Zone of saturation correct answer Lower soil layers where all spaces are filled with water. Water table correct answer Top of zone of saturation. Aquifers correct answer Porous layers of sand, gravel, or rock lying below the water table. Artesian correct answer Pressurized aquifer intersects the surface (water flows without pumping). Recharge zones correct answer Areas where water infiltrates into an aquifer. Smallest water reservoirs correct answer Contains 0.001% of total water supply. How many gallons per person per year needed to meet needs (According to UN)? correct answer 264,172 gallons