These notes are the notes that Dr. P gives during his lectures. They were all taken off of his given PowerPoints and what he has to say about the topics as well. Test questions are primarily based off of this material.
Child development research helps answer child-rearing questions.
Spanking is proven to be a bad way of handling discipline, effective alternatives:
-Offering sympathy
-Facilitating time-outs
-Finding positive alternatives to expressing anger
-Natural consequences
-Punishments depend on the child
Choosing Social Policies
-Knowledge of child development facilitates informed decisions about social-policy questions that affect children
-Example: psychological research on children's responses to leading interview questions can help courts obtain more accurate testimonies from preschool children
-You don’t need to ask children leading questions in order to get an accurate testimony
Understanding Human Nature - child development research provides important insights into some of the most intriguing questions regarding human nature
-Children in orphanages don’t have any emotional relationships or social experiences/relationships
-When families adopted these children, mental illness was more prevalent
-Childhood experiences shape a person's whole life
Werner's Study
-30 year study on 698 children in Kauai
-Examined the ways in which biological and environmental factors included children’s intellectual, social and emotional growth
-Home observations, school records, standardized tests, and interviews
-Results: biology and environmental factors do affect children's development
-Longer term medical problems were impacted by the home environment
-Biology and environment problems developed behavior or learning problems by age 10
-⅓ of these children with biology and learning problems turned resilient and became productive young adults
Infancy has extremely rapid changes in all areas of development (enduring themes)
-Nature vs nurture - How do nature and nurture together shape development?
-The active child - How do children shape their own development?
-continuity/discontinuity - In what ways is development continuous, discontinuous?
-Mechanisms of change and role of variability - How does change occur?
-Interests
-Gender
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