Chemistry Unit 3isotope -an atom with a different number of neutrons, changing the mass protons -positively (+) charged subatomic particle found in the nucleus of an atom -contributes to the mass of an atom 00:12 01:22 neutrons -Neutral (0) charged subatomic particle found in the nucleus of an atom...
isotope an atom with a different number of neutrons
changing the mass protons positively charged subatomic particle found in the nucleus of an atom contributes to the mass
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Chemistry Unit 3
isotope - -an atom with a different number of neutrons, changing the mass
protons - -positively (+) charged subatomic particle found in the nucleus of an atom
-contributes to the mass of an atom
neutrons - -Neutral (0) charged subatomic particle found in the nucleus of an atom
-contributes to the mass of an atom
-mass number - protons
electrons - -negatively (-) charged subatomic particle found outside of the nucleus, in
the electron cloud
-electrons are small and DO NOT add mass to an atom
nucleus - -the center of the atom containing the neutrons and the protons
-positively charged
-dense
-small
mass number - -protons + neutrons
relative mass number - -number below the atomic symbol that indicates AVERAGE
mass of all atoms of that particular element
-Example: the average mass of a carbon atom is 12.011
-the mass of a specific atom CANNOT be a decimal
atomic number - -number found above the atomic symbol on the periodic table
-tells you number of protons in the nucleus
-NEVER CHANGES
How do I know how many protons are in an atom? - The atomic number
How do I know what the mass is of a specific atom? - Mass=Protons+Neutrons
What is mass notation? - Notation that tells us the name of an element and the mass
Ex: Carbon-12 (carbon with a mass of 12)
Carbon-13 (carbon with a mass of 13)
alpha decay - -happens in large atoms (above 82)
-2/4 He
, -low energy/heaviest particle
beta particle - -happens in small atoms (below 82)
-medium energy
-0/-1e
gamma decay - -happens in many atoms
-high energy
0/0y
stability - the likelihood of a nucleus blowing itself apart
like changes ___ - repel
opposite ___ - attract
what holds a nucleus together? - strong nuclear force
the stability of an isotope is based on? - -it's shape
-ratio of neutrons to protons
half life - the time it takes for 50% of a given isotope to decay
radiation - process in which an unstable atom will release energy and mass in order to
become more stable
fission - -when a heavy nucleus is bombarded by a neutron, causing it to split into 2
smaller nuclei
-we CAN control it
-by products are not helpful
fusion - -two small nuclei combine into one larger (and more stable) nuclei
-we CANNOT control it(yet)
-by products are helpful
democritus - called atoms atamos
came up with the theory that atoms make up ppl
aristotle - original theory of 5 elements
boyle - revolved atomic theory
gases made of small particles
stahl - phlogiston explained how things burned
priestly - discovered oxygen
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