Uitgebreide samenvatting van de reader van Life Cycle Cost. Gebruikt bij het leren van LCC jaar 1 vastgoed en makelaardij. Tentamen gehaald met een 7,6. Met afbeeldingen
,Inhoud
Bouwen met tijd........................................................................................................................... 6
Hoofdstuk 1.1 Sturen op levensduur.......................................................................................... 6
Berekenen van milieueffect van een woning............................................................................ 7
Instrument op milieueffect te meten; ..................................................................................... 7
Hoofdstuk 1.2 Wat leert de geschiedenis ................................................................................... 7
Opzet van het onderzoek ....................................................................................................... 7
Ontwikkelingen in het ontwerp en de bouw van meergezinswoningen ..................................... 7
Ontwikkelingen in ontwerp en bouw van eengezinswoningen .................................................. 7
De sloopmotieven.................................................................................................................. 7
Uitfilterproces in de tijd ......................................................................................................... 8
Kenmerken............................................................................................................................ 8
Periode ................................................................................................................................. 9
Bouwjaar............................................................................................................................... 9
Hoofdstuk 1.3 Intermezzo: kwaliteit voor de toekomst .............................................................. 9
Strategieën ontwikkelen en bepalen ......................................................................................10
De bestaande voorraad: in hoog tempo belangrijker...............................................................10
Geprogrammeerde korte levensduur: nog maagdelijk terrein? ................................................10
LCC-reader ..................................................................................................................................11
H1 LCC .....................................................................................................................................11
H2.1 de vastgoedcyclus............................................................................................................11
Ontwikkeling en bouw...........................................................................................................11
Exploitatiefase ......................................................................................................................13
Herontwikkeling ...................................................................................................................13
Sloop en recycling .................................................................................................................13
Traditioneel vs. LCC...............................................................................................................13
Afval en hergebruik...............................................................................................................13
Cradle to Cradle ....................................................................................................................14
2.2 STAKEHOLDERS ..................................................................................................................14
Ontwikkeling en bouw...........................................................................................................14
Initiatieffase .........................................................................................................................14
Ontwerp...............................................................................................................................14
Bouw ...................................................................................................................................15
Gebruik en verbouw..............................................................................................................15
Herontwikkeling en sloop ......................................................................................................15
2.3 Traditionele belangen ........................................................................................................16
, Uiterlijk ................................................................................................................................16
Kwaliteit...............................................................................................................................16
Energieverbruik ....................................................................................................................16
2.4 Invloed versus kosten.........................................................................................................17
2.5 Contractvormen .................................................................................................................17
DBM:....................................................................................................................................17
DBMO: .................................................................................................................................18
H3 Levensduurkosten ..............................................................................................................18
H3.1 Stichtingskosten ..............................................................................................................18
Grondkosten ........................................................................................................................18
Bouwkosten .........................................................................................................................21
Inrichtingskosten ..................................................................................................................22
Bijkomende kosten ...............................................................................................................23
Kengetallen ..........................................................................................................................24
H3.2 Kosten tijdens gebruik van het gebouw ............................................................................24
Facilitaire kosten...................................................................................................................24
Exploitatiekosten ..................................................................................................................25
H3.3 Sloopkosten, restwaarde en milieukosten ........................................................................27
H4 Onderhoud.........................................................................................................................28
H4.1 Soorten onderhoud..........................................................................................................28
H4.2 Wetgeving in relatie met onderhoud ................................................................................28
H4.3 Conditiemeting ................................................................................................................30
H4.4 Aanleiding voor onderhoud..............................................................................................31
4.4.1 Functioneel onderhoud.................................................................................................31
4.4.2 Technisch onderhoud ...................................................................................................31
4.4.3 Juridisch onderhoud .....................................................................................................31
4.4.4 Esthetisch onderhoud ...................................................................................................31
H5 Terugverdientijd (TVT) ........................................................................................................31
H6 Invloed op levensduur (kosten) ...........................................................................................32
H6.1 Soorten levensduur..........................................................................................................32
H6.2 Functionaliteit en flexibiliteit ...........................................................................................32
H6.3 Architectuur ....................................................................................................................33
Functionaliteit ......................................................................................................................33
Vormfactor...........................................................................................................................33
Materiaalgebruik ..................................................................................................................33
H6.5 Aanleiding voor slopen.....................................................................................................33
, H7 Bouwmethoden..................................................................................................................34
H7.1 Traditionele bouw............................................................................................................35
Begane grond vloeren ...........................................................................................................35
Verdiepingsvloeren...............................................................................................................36
H7.2 Gietbouw.........................................................................................................................36
H7.3 Prefabbetonbouw............................................................................................................37
H7.4 Houtskeletbouw (HBS) .....................................................................................................37
H7.5 Skeletbouw......................................................................................................................38
H8 Bouwstijlen woningbouw....................................................................................................38
H8.1 Rond 1900 .......................................................................................................................38
H8.2 1920-1940........................................................................................................................39
H8.3 1950-1970........................................................................................................................39
H8.4 1970-1990........................................................................................................................40
H8.5 1990-2010........................................................................................................................40
H8.6 Energiegebruik in huishoudens in de tijd ..........................................................................41
H9 Duurzaam bouwen .............................................................................................................42
H9.1 Groene golven en klimaatafspraken .................................................................................42
Groene Golven .....................................................................................................................42
Klimaatafspraken .................................................................................................................42
Kyoto-protocol .....................................................................................................................42
Broeikasgassen .....................................................................................................................43
Co2-reductie.........................................................................................................................43
Clean development mechanism (CDM)...................................................................................43
Sinks ....................................................................................................................................43
Klimaatconferentie Parijs 2015 ..............................................................................................43
Europees parlement en duurzame energie .............................................................................43
H9.2 Meetinstrumenten voor duurzame gebouwen ..................................................................44
Trias Energetica ....................................................................................................................44
BREEAM ...............................................................................................................................45
Eco Quantum........................................................................................................................45
GPR Gebouw ........................................................................................................................45
GreenCalc.............................................................................................................................45
H9.3 Duurzaamheidsindicatoren voor de gebouwde omgeving .....................................................46
Energie (BREEAM beoordelingsrichtlijn) .................................................................................46
Water...................................................................................................................................46
Materiaal .............................................................................................................................47
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