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CITOLOGIA DE LOS LÍQUIDOS

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Citologia de los liquidos, temario de anatomia patológica M06 Citologia General

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  • January 18, 2023
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  • 2020/2021
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CITOLOGÍA GENERAL


NF4



Análisis de imágenes citológicas de líquidos orgánicos, sistema
nervioso y globo ocular

, 1. LÍQUIDOS Y DERRAMES

Los líquidos biológicos se definen como ultrafiltrados del plasma a través de estructuras

membranosas y se reconocen 3 tipos:

1) Líquido Cefalorraquídeo

2) Líquido Seroso: pleural, ascítico, pericárdico

3) Líquido Sinovial

Los líquidos biológicos deben diferenciarse de los líquidos corporales como sangre, plasma,

suero, orina y semen.



Existen tres cavidades en el organismo (pleural, peritoneal y pericárdica) que presentan

características clínicas similares y la misma estructura histocitológica.

Están revestidas por una doble membrana serosa que delimita la cavidad (c​apa de células

mesoteliales​, epitelio plano simple). La capa que reviste los órganos se llama ​mesotelio

visceral​ y la que reviste las paredes de la cavidad, ​mesotelio parietal​.

Entre sus dos hojas, en condiciones normales existe muy escasa cantidad de líquido que es

un ultrafiltrado del plasma. Las células mesoteliales producen este líquido claro, con

aspecto acuoso que lubrica las membranas y permite a las superficies visceral y parietal

deslizarse una sobre otra.

Muchos procesos patológicos alteran este equilibrio y determinan la acumulación de líquido

seroso en estas cavidades: derrame.



Cuando se acumula líquido (derrame, efusión) siempre es patológico, ya sea de causa

benigna o maligna.




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