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Astrophysics exam notes for iGCSE
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SMALLEST - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - BIGGESTASTEROID MOON PLANET STAR S. SYSTEM GALAXY UNIVERSE
small rock natural satellite orbits star & has plasma joined in the milky way gas + dust + stars billions of
orbiting sun gravity together + solar system galaxies
GRAVITATIONAL FIELD STRENGTH
An object's gravitational field strength depends on its MASS. The CAUSES:
Moon has less mass than the Earth, so its gravitational field is - moons to orbit planets
much weaker (approx 1/6th of the Earth's). We could jump higher on - the planets to orbit the sun
the Moon, and objects would fall more slowly, as they experience a - art. satellites to orbit the Earth
weaker gravitational force. - comets to orbit Sun
ORBITS • orbits the Sun
OF • have very elliptical orbits
COMETS • esometimes they travel close to the very edge of our Solar
System
ORBITS • Earth has 1 moon (5th largest on the solar system)
OF • Takes 27 days to do 1 orbit
MOONS
• Mars = 2 moons
• Jupiter & Saturn = +60 moons
ORBITS If a planet orbits a star at an increasing speed, the force
OF between them does not increase, so it moves out of that
PLANETS orbit
ORBITAL SPEED FORMULA
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