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Samenvatting Fundament 2; Bio: Urinairstelsel
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Alle geziene leerstof over Urinair stelsel in fundament 2 van verpleegkunde in Leuven - Duidelijke structuur - Duidelijke foto's - Genummerde pagina's
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Urinair stelsel1. Inleiding
1.1 Functies
− Excretie van organische afvalstoffen uit lichaamsvloeistoffen
o Ureum (eiwitten)
o Urinezuur (DNA)
o Urobiline (hemoglobine, gele kleur)
o Creatinine (spierweefsel)
− Eliminatie van organische afvalstoffen
− Homeostatische regeling van volume en concentratie opgeloste stoffen in bloedplasma
o Bloedvolume, bloeddruk
o Ionenconcentratie; Na+, K+, Cl-
o pH en bloed
o RBC gehalte door EPO
2. Anatomie
1
, 2.1 Nieren
2.1.1 Macroscopische bouw
− Boonvormig
− Ventraal bedekt met peritoneum
− Omgeven door vetkapsel
− Nierkapsel (capsula)
− Schorslaag (cortex, gekorreld)
− Merglaag (medulla)
o Piramiden met papillen
o Zuilen van Bertin
− Nierbekken of pyelon/pyelum
o Kleine nierkelken (calices minores)
o Grote nierkelken (calices maiores)
o Nierbekken (pyelon)
− Nierhilus met niervaten en ureter
2.1.2 Ligging
− Lumbaal
− Achter peritoneum
− Rechternier ligt lager dan linkernier (lever)
2.1.3 Situering tov de buik
− Intraperitoneale ruimte
= Omgeven door peritoneum
o Spijsverteringorganen e intra
− Retroperitoneale ruimte
= Achter peritoneum
o Nieren & bijnieren
o Stukken duodenum
o Stukken dikke darm e retr
o Stukken alvleesklier
− Subperitoneale ruimte
= Onder peritoneale ruimte
o Blaas es
o Urethra
o Dikke darm
Figure 1
o Voortplantingsorganen Intra: rood
retro: groen
Sub: blauw
2
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