cloud computing -ANSWER the on-demand delivery of compute, database storage, applications, and other IT resources through a cloud services platform via the internet with pay-as-you-go pricing (kind of like renting someone's computer. Think of the electricity bill. You are only charged for the powe...
cloud computing -ANSWER the on-demand delivery of compute, database storage,
applications, and other IT resources through a cloud services platform via the internet
with pay-as-you-go pricing (kind of like renting someone's computer. Think of the
electricity bill. You are only charged for the power you consumed)
6 advantages of cloud computing -ANSWER 1. trade capital expense for variable
expense (instead of having to invest heavily in data centers and servers before you
know how you're going to use them, you can pay only when you consume computing
resources, and pay only for how much you consume)
2. Benefit from massive economies of scale (you will never have the same purchasing
power as amazon. They literally build their own servers)
3. Stop guessing about capacity (you will probably buy too much or too little. If you buy
too much, you've wasted money and if you buy too little you will have downtime. the
cloud can scale with your business needs, with no long term contracts)
4. increase speed and agility (it scales infinitely with demand)
5. stop spending money running data centers (focus on what you're good at, not
managing infrastructure. Get someone else to manage that for you)
6. go global in minutes (easily deploy your application in multiple regions around the
world with just a few clicks. This means you can provide lower latency and a better
experience for your customers at minimal cost)
cloud computing types -ANSWER 1. infrastructure as a service (Iaas)
2. platform as a service (Paas)
3. software as a service (Saas)
Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS) -ANSWER the delivery of computer hardware
capability, including the use of servers, networking, and storage, as a service. You
manage the server which can be physical or virtual, as well as the operating system.
Usually, the data center provider will have no access to your server. (EC2)
Platform as a Service (PaaS) -ANSWER A cloud service in which consumers can
install and run their own specialized applications on the cloud computing network.
someone else manages the underlying hardware and operating systems. You just focus
on your applications. Someone else worries about security patching, updates,
maintenance, etc. (elastic beanstalk)
Software as a Service (SaaS) -ANSWER Software that is hosted centrally on the
Internet and accessed by users with a Web browser. Think of gmail. All you manage is
your inbox (or the software provided to you by Google). Google takes care of the data
centers, servers, networks, storage, maintenance, patching, etc. All you worry about is
the software itself and how you want to use it.
,3 types of cloud computing deployments -ANSWER - Public Cloud
- Hybrid - Mixture of public and private
- Private Cloud (or on premise) - you manage it in your datacenter.
Availability Zone (AZ) -ANSWER data center (a building filled with servers). An
availability zone may be several data centers, but b/c they're close together, they're
counted as 1 availability zone. Each with redundant power, networking and connectivity,
housed in separate facilities.
Region -ANSWER A geographical area (a physical location in the world). Each region
consists of 2 (or more) availability zones.
Edge locations -ANSWER endpoints for AWS which are used for caching content.
Typically this consists of CloudFront, Amazon's content delivery network (CDN).
Currently over 200 edge locations.
choosing the right AWS Region? -ANSWER - data sovereignty laws
- latency to end users
- AWS Services
understand the different support packages -ANSWER - Basic - FREE
- Developer - $29/month (scales based on usage)
- Business - $100/month
- enterprise - $15,000/month (comes with TAM - technical account manager)
All support plans come with billing support
Identity and Access Management (IAM) -ANSWER The security discipline that enables
the right individuals to access the right resources at the right times for the right reasons.
It's global, you don't need to specify a region when dealing with IAM. When you create a
user or group, this is created globally.
You can access the AWS Platform in 3 ways: -ANSWER - via the console
- programmatically (using the CLI - command line interface)
- using the SDK - Software Developers Kit
root account -ANSWER Credentials granted to a user that has complete power over
the resource as well as the complete serving system. Windows calls this account
administrator. In macOS and Linux/UNIX, this account is called root. The root account is
the email address used to set up your AWS account. The root account always has full
administrative/administrator access. Do not give these account credentials away to
anyone. Instead, create a user for each individual within your organization. Always
secure this root account using multi-factor authentication.
Group -ANSWER simply a place to store your users. Your users will inherit all
permissions that the group has. Examples of groups: developers, system
,administrators, human resources, finance, etc. To set permissions in a group you need
to apply a policy to that group. Policies consist of Java Script Object Notation (JSON).
These are referred to as key value pairs. You have your key, such as name and the
value. e.g. ("name" : "A cloud guru")
What is S3? -ANSWER Simple Storage Service. Object-based storage. Used by
DropBox. A virtual disc in the cloud for storing files. S3 provides developers and IT
teams with secure, durable, highly-scalable object storage. Amazon S3 is easy to use,
with a simple web services interface to store and retrieve any amount of data from
anywhere on the web. This is a place to put your flat files. Things like videos, text files,
pictures, any kind of "flat file" which means a file that does NOT change.
- S3 is a safe place to store your files
- It is object based storage
- The data is spread across multiple devices and facilities
the basics of S3 -ANSWER - s3 is object based (objects are just files) - i.e., allows you
to upload files
- files can be from 0 bytes to 5 TB
- there is unlimited storage
- files are stored in buckets (a folder in the cloud)
- s3 is a universal namespace. that is, names must be unique globally.
- when you upload a file to S3, you will receive a HTTP 200 code if the upload was
successful
objects consist of the following -ANSWER - key (this is simply the name of the object)
- value (this is simply the data and is made up of a sequence of bytes)
- version ID (important for versioning)
- metadata (data about data you're storing)
how does data consistency work for s3? -ANSWER - read after write consistency for
PUTS of new objects
- eventual consistency for overwrite PUTS and DELETES (can take some time to
propagate) - in other words: if you write a new file and read it immediately afterwards,
you will be able to view that data if you update an EXISTING file or delete a file and
read it immediately afterwards, you may get the older version, or you may not. Basically,
changes to objects can take a little bit of time to propagate.
s3 has the following guarantees from Amazon -ANSWER - built for 99.99% availability
for the s3 platform
- amazon guarantee 99.9% availability
- Amazon guarantees 99.999999999 durability for s3 information (11 9s)
s3 has the following features -ANSWER - tiered storage available
- lifecycle management
- versioning
- encryption
, - secure your data using access control lists and bucket policies
s3 storage classes -ANSWER 1.) s3 standard - 99.9% availability, 99.999999999
durability, stored redundantly across multiple devices in multiple facilities, and is
designed to sustain the loss of 2 facilities concurrently.
2.) s3 - IA - (infrequently accessed) - for data that is accessed less frequently, but
requires rapid access when needed. Lower fee than s3, but you're charged a retrieval
fee.
3.) s3 one zone - IA - for where you want a lower-cost option for infrequently accessed
data, but do not require the multiple availability zone data resilience.
4.) s3 - intelligent tiering - designed to optimize costs by automatically moving data to
the most cost-effective access tier, without performance impact or operational
overhead.
5.) secure, durable, and low-cost storage class for data archiving. You can reliably store
any amount of data at costs that are competitive with or cheaper than on-premises
solutions. Retrieval times configurable from minutes to hours.
6.) s3 Glacier Deep Archive - Amazon s3's lowest-cost storage class where a retrieval
time of 12 hours is acceptable
you are charged for s3 in the following ways -ANSWER - storage
- requests
- storage management pricing
- data transfer pricing
- transfer acceleration
- cross region replication pricing
(s3 is not suitable to install an operating system on. s3 doesn't have servers)
transfer acceleration -ANSWER amazon s3 transfer acceleration enables fast, easy,
and secure transfers of files over long distances between your end users and an s3
bucket. Transfer acceleration takes advantage of amazon CloudFront's globally
distributed edge locations. As the data arrives at an edge location, data is rerouted to
amazon s3 over an optimized network path.
- when you view your buckets you can view them globally, but you can have buckets in
individual regions.
- You can change the storage classes an encryption of your objects on the fly.
restricting bucket access -ANSWER - bucket policies - applies across the whole bucket
- object policies - applies to individual files
- IAM policies to users end groups - applies to users and groups.
s3 exam tips -ANSWER - you can use bucket policies to make entire s3 buckets public
- you can use s3 to host static websites (such as html.). websites that require databases
connections such as wordpress, etc. Cannot be hosted on s3
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