This aesthetic, in-depth, neatly typed document summarises Section G of the IEB Grade 12 Chemistry syllabus: Organic Chemistry. This document includes the full Section G syllabus, all definitions, additional class notes, own research notes and all relevant diagrams.
Functional group: An atom or group of atoms that form the centre of chemical activity in a molecule
Hydrocarbon: Compound containing only carbon and hydrogen atoms
Homologous series: Series of similar compounds which have the same functional group and same
general formula, in which each member di ers from the previous one by a single CH2 unit
Pre xes: Root name:
1. mono 1. meth
2. di 2. eth
3. tri 3. prop
4. tetra 4. but
5. penta 5. pent
6. hexa 6. hex
7. hepta 7. hept
8. octa 8. oct
Alkanes:
• Hydrocarbons with only carbon-carbon single bonds
• eg. methane:
ethane:
propane:
butane:
fi
, • General formula: T n = Cn + H2n+2
Alkenes:
• Hydrocarbons with at least one carbon-carbon double bond
• eg. ethene:
propene:
butene:
• Functional group: C=C
• General formula: T n = CnH2n
Isomers:
Compounds that have the same molecular formula but di erent structural formulae (have di erent
names)
• Positional isomers: Functional group is in a di erent location eg. but-1-ene and but-2-ene
• Chain isomers: Longest continuous carbon chain is a di erent length eg. butane & methylpropane
• Functional isomers: Molecules have di erent functional groups eg. ethanoic acid & methyl
methanoate
Saturated compound: Compound in which all the of bonds between carbon atoms are single bonds
eg. alkanes
Unsaturated compound: Compound in which there is at least one double bond and/or triple bond
between carbon atoms eg. alkenes (more reactive)
IUPAC Naming rules: for alkanes:
1. Find and name longest carbon chain
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller Lindyprinsloo. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $3.95. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
