FNP-Walden Exam Solved 100% Correct

Pneumonia symptoms? - ANSWER-Fever, dry hacking cough, sore throat, HA, HIV: CD4 count drops below 200 tell patient? - ANSWER-You have progressed into AIDS or treatment is not working. HIV CD4 count below 200 treat prophylactic with? - ANSWER-Bactrim (trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole) Why treat HIV Pts with CD4 count 200? - ANSWER-To prevent pneumonia When can you discontinue prophylactic HIV LOW cd4 count? - ANSWER-When CD4 is above 350. Hearing loss with older patients naturally is? - ANSWER-Presbycusis Hearing loss with elderly pt they lose high or low pitch first? - ANSWER-High pitch. Is Presbycusis sensorineural or conductive? - ANSWER-sensorineural Conductive hearing loss is? - ANSWER-a blockage, ie cerumen, foreign body Sensorineural is ? - ANSWER-a side effect of drug or disease process. Ie Parkinson's Rx causes ototoxicity Vision loss with elderly pt is? - ANSWER-Presbyopia Child treating for ear infection, blood and exudate on pillow case, tell mom? - ANSWER-Its self limiting Otitis Media most common organism? - ANSWER-Strepnuemo, the other 2 are H influenza and cataralis First line treatment for Otitis media? - ANSWER-Amoxicillin Amoxicillin did not work for OM? - ANSWER-Augmentin, then Omnicef then Ceftin OM with effusion? - ANSWER-fluid in the middle ear cavity OM with effusion Tx? - ANSWER-Decongestant or an antihistamine How long can OM with effusion last? - ANSWER-6-8 weeks Sinus infection, sinus cavities are tender, Tx with? - ANSWER-Amoxicillin or Augmentin Sinus infection, sinusitis with PCN allergy? - ANSWER-Azithromycin or Doxycycline Sinus infection pain radiates to? - ANSWER-Teeth, jaw, maxillary, dental Corneal abrasion is described as? - ANSWER-Round and irregular How will Webber test result in the effected ear? - ANSWER-It lateralize to effected ear How will Rhine test result in the effected ear? - ANSWER-BC AC Eczema is AKA? - ANSWER-atopic dermatitis Middle aged man, assessing back, patches of pigmentations that are missing, only isolated on back? - ANSWER-Tinea versicolor fungal Treatment for Tinea versicolor? - ANSWER-Selenum sulfide, it's an anti-fungal At what age should strabismus go away? - ANSWER-6 months if not refer What is strabismus? - ANSWER-Crossed eye, eyes not following with both eyes at the same time What is differential diagnosis with strabismus? - ANSWER-Tumor, retinoblastoma, leukocoria What color reflex does leukocoria elicit? - ANSWER-White Absent red reflex differential for elderly? - ANSWER-Cataracts What do you tell sickle cell pt about vaccines? - ANSWER-Take all and stay on schedule Pt arrives to ER with sickle cell crisis what is first treatment? - ANSWER-Hydration, fluids is first line Name of lab test for Mononucleosis? - ANSWER-Mono spot or heterophile antibody test Organism that causes mono? - ANSWER-Epstein Bar Virus When can pt with Mono return to... ? - ANSWER-4-6 weeks when spleen is normal size Gold standard for spleen size assessment? - ANSWER-Ultrasound Mono Pt returns 3 months later and states still feeling ill? - ANSWER-Virus has run it's course, Something else, residual fatigue cold, With pt's who have MONO avoid which drug? - ANSWER-PCN, Amoxicillin all A's that can cause a morbilliform rash Morbilliform rash? - ANSWER-refers to a rash that looks like measles. The rash consists of macular lesions that are red and usually 2-10 mm in diameter but may be confluent in places If your patient has Strep, and Amoxicillin given, pt returns with morbilliform rash? - ANSWER-It was Mono and D/C Amoxicillin Acanthros Nigricans? - ANSWER-velvet hyperpigmented patches most common on back of neck or skin folds- DM resistance Acanthros Nigricans is caused by? - ANSWER-Insulin resistance Acanthros Nigricans in women this can be caused by? - ANSWER-PCOS Polycystic ovary syndrome Polycystic ovary syndrome? - ANSWER-A hormonal disorder causing enlarged ovaries with small cysts on the outer edges. Also causing insulin resistance How do you treat Polycystic ovary syndrome? - ANSWER-Metformin, lifestyle changes Psoriasis treatment? - ANSWER-Topical steroids, first line Tx, and TARR, for mild Hematoma under nail removal, Subungual hematoma? - ANSWER-Nail bed trephination, removal with 18g needle White gray patch on the tongue, can't scrape off? - ANSWER-Leukoplakia Leukoplakia can be seen in what type of patients? - ANSWER-seen in immunocompromised patients ie HIV Child with tear duct, lacrimal duct, blocked is? - ANSWER-Dacrocytosis Treatment for Dacrocytosis? - ANSWER-Massage tear duct, warm compress Most common skin cancer? - ANSWER-basal cell carcinoma Basal Cell Carcinoma is described as? - ANSWER-Pearly, waxy, skin lesions, atrophic, ulcerated center that does not heal Telangiectasia is? - ANSWER-Dilated small blood vessels on the skin or mucous membranes, anywhere in the body Melanoma? - ANSWER-The most serious form of skin Dark Moles, uneven texture, different colors, irregular, 6mm, could be itchy. ABCDE Gold standard for melanoma, skin lesion removal? - ANSWER-Punch Bx Actinic Keratosis is Precursor to? - ANSWER-squamous cell carcinoma Actinic Keratosis is ? - ANSWER-"numerous dry round and pink to red lesions" with a rough and scaly texture. Does not heal. Slow growing in sun exposed areas. Actinic Keratosis Treatment? - ANSWER-Golden Standard. Treatment: Sm. (cryotherapy), Lrg. (5-FU cream)- which causes ur skin to ooze, crust, scab, redness. Actinic Keratosis appears where? - ANSWER-Slow growing in sun exposed areas. Nose, balled head, etc S/S of West Nile virus? - ANSWER-Flu like symptoms: fever, n/v, chills; malaise, muscle weakness, Urticaria (skin rash) Prophylactic treatment for West Nile virus? - ANSWER-Doxycycline See this on baby of color, usually by buttocks, hips? - ANSWER-Mongolian spots sometimes mistaken as abuse, bruises A young gymnast, soccer, cross country runner with knee pain is? - ANSWER-Osgood-Schlatter Osgood-Schlatter pin point is? - ANSWER-The tibial tuberosity inflammation, at the tendon's insertion site Most vascular area for anterior nose bleed, Epistaxis? - ANSWER-Kiesselbach's plexus, anterior What is AV nicking? - ANSWER-When arterial crosses over the vein, in the eye secondary to HTN Cotton wool spots secondary to? - ANSWER-DM Microanurisms secondary to? - ANSWER-DM Cooper or silver wiring secondary to? - ANSWER-HTN Retinal hemorrhages secondary to? - ANSWER-Both DM and HTN Young woman comes in with papules and pustules around the nose, mouth, and chin, is? - ANSWER-Acne Rosacea Acne Rosacea first line treatment? - ANSWER-Metronidazole gel, flagyl, or Azelaic Acid Impetigo - ANSWER-Honey crusted lesions. Gram positive. Itchy pink-red lesions, evolve into vesiculopustules that rupture. Impetigo treatment - ANSWER-If bullous-large blisters. Severe- Keflex, dicloxacillin. PCN Allergic-Azithro, clinda. If NO BULLAE- Bactroban. Lichen Planus is describe as? - ANSWER-Small, flat top, red to purple bumps, with wispy gray-white streaks IV drug users are accessible to which disease? - ANSWER-Hep C Name of virus usually in child causes diarrhea? - ANSWER-Rotavirus Gastrioma that causes multiple ulcers? - ANSWER-Zollinger-Ellison Syndrome Lab test for suspicion of Zollinger-Ellison Syndrome? - ANSWER-Screening done by serum fasting gastrin level Zollinger-Ellison Syndrome First line Tx is? - ANSWER-PPI How long is Tx for H-pylori? - ANSWER-14 days H. pylori treatment - ANSWER-PPI + 2 of the following antibiotics --Clarithromycin --Metronidazole --Amoxicillin