NSG 5003 WEEK 6 QUIZ-Nephralgia - Kidney and renal pain
When is kidney and renal pain generally felt at? - at costovertebral angle and recorded as CVA tenderness or flank pain
Pain manifestations of kidney disease - Due to distention/inflammation of the renal capsule; has a dull, constant cha...
When is kidney and renal pain generally felt at? - at costovertebral angle and
recorded as CVA tenderness or flank pain
Pain manifestations of kidney disease - Due to distention/inflammation of the renal
capsule; has a dull, constant character
Pain transmitted to T10 and L1 by sympathetic afferent neurons; may be felt
throughout dermatomes (area of skin innervated by a specific spinal cord segment)
Cystic kidney diseases - Genetically transmitted renal disorder resulting in fluid-filled
cysts that can expand and disrupt urine formation and flow; may be localized to one
area or affect both kidneys
Renal Cell Carcinoma - Asymptomatic until advanced
CVA tenderness, hematuria, palpable mass
Staging system: I-IV
Treatment: nephrectomy
Nephroblastoma (Wilms Tumor) - Most common kidney cancer in children
Infection of the kidney: Pyelonephritis - Most common: ascending infection from the
lower urinary tract
UTI
Acute Pyelonephritis - Infection of renal pelvis/parenchyma usually from ascending
UTI
Clinical manifestations of acute pyelonephritis - CVA tenderness (classic sign)
accompanied by fever, chills, N/V, anorexia, which increases fever-induced
dehydration
Obstructive processes cause? - Urine stasis
, Urine stasis - Predisposes to infection and structural damage
Common causes of obstructions - Stones: most common
Tumors
Prostatic hypertrophy
Strictures of the ureters or urethra
Complete obstruction results in? - -Hydronephrosis
-Decreased GFR
-Ischemic kidney damage because of increased intraluminal pressure
-Acute tubular necrosis (intrarenal acute renal failure)
-Chronic kidney disease
Renal Calculi (Nephrolithiasis) - Crystal aggregates composed of organic and
inorganic materials located within the urinary tract
*Also called renal stones
Urinary supersaturation - essential requirement for stone formation
What do stones tend to form in the urinary tract? - Stones tend to form in urinary tract
due to solute supersaturation, low urine volume, and abnormal urine pH
Which person is most prone to develop nephrolithiasis? One with - a. dehydration
Acute Glomerulonephritis - Immune response to variety of potential triggers
-Attraction of immune cells to the area of inflammation results in lysosomal
degradation of the basement membrane
-GFR may fall due to contraction of mesangial cells resulting in decreased surface
area for filtration
IgA nephropathy (Berger disease) is what kind of disease? - glomerular disease
IgA nephropathy (Berger disease) - -Most commonly diagnosed
-Common in adults
-Upper respiratory or gastrointestinal viral infections
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