Full class notes taken over the course of 2 years, this document specifically is for the Atomic Structure section. PDF containing all the information needed for the IB finals in this topic
JJ Thompson’s plum pudding model
Cathode Ray tubes experiment
e- is shot from cathode to anode, the e- hit the phosphorescent light and are
illuminated
Magnet put next to experiment, the electrons moved in the direction of the
magnet showing they are negatively charged
Cookie/ Plum pudding model
Dough is positively charged
while the chocolate chips in it are negative
, Rutherford’s Nuclear Model
Rutherford designed an experiment to test the plum pudding theory. He shot
Alpha particles at a sheet of gold. According to Thompson they particles
should pass right through, however they bounced around like they hit
something
He then suggested that all the protons are packed densely in the centre of the
atom, forming the nucleus
I this were true however, the electrons would fall into the nucleus
Niels Bohr model
Proposed that e- orbit the nucleus in energy levels
The first orbital containing 2, then 8, then 18, 32
If this model were true, the electrons would eventually lose momentum and
fall into the nucleus as well
Cloud model
The electrons do not orbit the nucleus, but rather bounce around in an area
surrounding the nucleus
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