Essentials of Strength Training and Conditioning 4th Edition
An in-depth summary of the chapter, Bioenergetics of Exercise and Training. covering topics such as :
Energy systems available to supply ATP during exercise
lactate accumulation
patterns of substrate depletion
bioenergetic factors that limit exercise performance
Test Bank for Essentials of Strength Training and Conditioning 4th Edition Haff / All Chapters 1 - 24 / Full Complete
TEST BANK FOR Essentials of Strength Training and Conditioning 4th Edition by G. Gregory Haff & N. Travis Triplett, All Chapters ||Complete A+ Guide
TEST BANK FOR ESSENTIALS OF STRENGTH TRAINING AND CONDITIONING 4TH EDITION HAFF
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BIOENERGETICS OF
EXERCISE AND TRAINING
Chapter 3
, Page |1
Contents
Essential terminology............................................................................................................................................................2
Biological Energy Systems.....................................................................................................................................................5
Terminology:..................................................................................................................................................................... 5
Phosphagen System..........................................................................................................................................................5
ATP stores:.....................................................................................................................................................................5
Control of the Phosphagen System...............................................................................................................................5
Glycolysis........................................................................................................................................................................... 6
Glycolysis and the Formation of Lactate........................................................................................................................8
Glycolysis Leading to the Krebs Cycle............................................................................................................................9
Energy Yield of Glycolysis..............................................................................................................................................9
Control of Glycolysis....................................................................................................................................................10
Lactate Threshold and Onset of Blood Lactate Accumulation.....................................................................................10
The Oxidative (Aerobic) System.......................................................................................................................................11
Glucose and Glycogen Oxidation.................................................................................................................................11
Fat Oxidation...............................................................................................................................................................14
Protein Oxidation........................................................................................................................................................14
Control of the Oxidative (Aerobic) System..................................................................................................................14
Energy Production and Capacity......................................................................................................................................16
Substrate Depletion and repletion......................................................................................................................................17
Phosphagens................................................................................................................................................................... 17
Glycogen.......................................................................................................................................................................... 17
Glycogen cont’d...............................................................................................................................................................18
Bioenergetic Limiting Factors in Exercise Performance.......................................................................................................19
Oxygen Uptake and the Aerobic and Anaerobic Contributions to Exercise.........................................................................20
Metabolic Specificity of Training.........................................................................................................................................23
Interval Training..............................................................................................................................................................23
High-Intensity Interval Training.......................................................................................................................................24
Combination Training......................................................................................................................................................25
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Essential terminology
Bioenergetics/ the flow of energy in a biological system concerns:
o Primarily the conversion of macronutrients(carbohydrates, protein and fats), which contain chemical
energy, into useable forms of energy
Catabolism:
o Breakdown of large molecules into smaller molecules
o Associated with the release of energy
Anabolism
o Synthesis of larger molecules from smaller molecules
o Can be accomplished using energy released from catabolic reactions
Exergonic reactions
o Energy-releasing reactions, generally catabolic
Endergonic reactions
o Require energy and include anabolic processes and the contraction of muscle
Metabolism:
o Total of all the catabolic/exergonic and anabolic/endergonic reactions in a biological system
Adenosine triphosphate (ATP):
o Energy derived from catabolic/exergonic reactions is used to derive anabolic/endergonic reactions
through this molecule
o Allows the transfer of energy from exergonic to endergonic reactions
o Without adequate supply of ATP, muscular growth would not be possible
o Comprised of adenosine and three phosphate groups
o Adenosine = combination of adenine and ribose
Hydrolysis:
o Breakdown of one molecule of ATP to yield energy
o Requires one molecule of water
o Catalyzed by presence of enzyme : adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase)
o Myosin ATPase = enzyme that catalyzes ATP hydrolysis for crossbridge recycling
Other specific enzymes hydrolyze ATP at other locations
o Calcium ATPase = pumping calcium into sarcoplasmic reticulum
o Sodium-potassium ATPase = maintaining sarcolemma concentration gradient after depolarization
ATP hydrolysis:
ATP + H2OATPase ADP + Pi + H+ + energy (1)
ADP= Adenosine diphosphate
Pi= inorganic phosphate
H+= hydrogen ion
Further hydrolysis of ADP= cleaves second phosphate yielding adenosine monophosphate (AMP)
Energy released from hydrolysis of ATP and ADP= biological work
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