Chapter 22: Urbanization and Sustainability with complete solutions

urbanization The creation and growth of urban and suburban areas urban growth Rate of growth of an urban population 00:02 01:42 infrastructures The basic facilities that are necessary for a society to function and grow urban sprawl The growth of low-density development on the edges of cities and towns; often poorly planned noise pollution Any unwanted, disturbing, or harmful sound that impairs or interferes with hearing, causes stress, hampers concentration and work efficiency, or causes accidents megacity A city with more than 10 million people hypercity A city with more than 20 million people compact cities Cities that grow upward and downward to occupy a small land area with high population density dispersed cities Cities with ample land area for growth; often leads to urban sprawl land-use planning Process for deciding the best present and future use of each parcel of land in an area zoning A planning tool used to separate industry and business from residential neighborhoods smart growth Legislation and regulations to limit suburban sprawl and a preserve farmland 00:00 01:42 fundamental land Land that is protected by the government to ensure urban sprawl does not occur urban growth boundary Geographical boundaries placed around a city to limit suburban growth within that city cluster development Urban development where high-density housing units are concentrated on one portion of a parcel, with the rest of the land used for commonly shared open space new urbanism A movement in urban planning to promote mixed use commercial and residential development and pedestrian friendly, community orientated cities sustainable community development A community where residents can live and work in harmony with the environment eco-city A city designed with consideration of environmental impact, inhabited by people dedicated to minimization of required inputs of energy, water and food, and waste output of heat, air pollution, and water pollution